
Contents
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Empire Empire
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Eurasia Eurasia
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Legacies Legacies
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Identity Identity
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Borderlands Borderlands
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“Near Abroads” “Near Abroads”
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Eurasia’s Empires from Past to Future Eurasia’s Empires from Past to Future
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Cite
Abstract
The early twenty-first century is shaping up to be a new age of empire in Eurasia, characterized by the willingness of the region’s major powers—Russia, Turkey, Iran, and China—to intervene in the affairs of their smaller neighbors using military force, local proxies, economic dependence, and other tools of statecraft. Governments in Moscow, Ankara, Tehran, and Beijing project power and influence across their borders and into territories with which they are tied by bonds of history, culture, language, and religion. Because they were once empires, Russia, Turkey, Iran, and China are not—and are unlikely to ever become—nation-states inhabiting a sharply delineated territory and with a population sharing a common ethnic or linguistic identity. Seeking new sources of legitimacy as the post–Cold War lure of liberal democracy fades, contemporary politicians turn more to the imperial era as a reference point and source of inspiration. Most important, the recovery or reemergence of imperial legacies is one of the principal reasons China, Iran, Russia, and Turkey are all to varying degrees revisionist powers relative to a post–World War II global order that regards empire and imperialism as illegitimate.
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