Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
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Abstract
What is animal intelligence? In what ways is it similar to human intelligence? Many behavioral scientists have realized that animals can be rational, can think in abstract symbols, can understand and react to human speech, and can learn through observation as well as conditioning many of the more complicated skills of life. This book explores the mysteries of the animal mind even further, identifying an advanced level of animal behavior—emergents—that reflects animals' natural and active inclination to make sense of the world. The authors unify all behavior into a framework they call Rational Behaviorism and present it as a new way to understand learning, intelligence, and rational behavior in both animals and humans. Drawing on years of research on issues of complex learning and intelligence in primates (notably rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees, and bonobos), the authors provide examples of animal ingenuity and persistence, showing that animals are capable of very creative solutions to novel challenges. They analyze learning processes and research methods, discuss the meaningful differences across the primate order, and point the way to further advances, enlivening theoretical material about primates with stories about their behavior and achievements.
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Front Matter
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I The Need for a Rational Behaviorism
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1
Introduction
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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2
Adaptation
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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3
Sculpting of Tendencies
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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4
Learning, the Foundation of Intelligence
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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5
Limitations of Respondents and Operants
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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1
Introduction
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II A Journey Toward Rational Behaviorism
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III Studies of Ape Language and Rational Behaviors
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IV Investigating Rational Behaviorism Across Species
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V Rational Behaviorism: A System for Instincts, Respondents, Operants, and Emergents
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15
Brain Business: Cause-Effect Reasoning
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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16
Processes Basic to Learning and Reinforcement: A New Perspective
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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17
Harlow's Bridge to Rational Behaviors
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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18
Rational Behaviorism
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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19
Overview and Perspective
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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Epilogue
Duane M. Rumbaugh andDavid A. Washburn
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15
Brain Business: Cause-Effect Reasoning
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End Matter
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