MMI treatment of HFD-fed mothers reversed the obese phenotype of their offspring. Female Wistar dams raised with HFD or chow (control [C] group) from weaning to adulthood were mated with a chow-fed male. Ten days after conception until PND 21, one-half of each group of dams received MMI in their drinking water (0.02%), and the other dams continued to drink regular water. At PND 21, all pups were weighed and euthanized, and plasma samples and PVN punches were collected. (A) T3 and (B) T4 assayed with RIA kit; C-pups, n = 14; C–MMI, n = 15 to 16; HFD-pups, n = 15 to 16; HFD–MMI, n = 21. (C) BW, n = 9 to 11 per group. (D) Mc4r mRNA levels measured by qPCR (n = 18 to 20 per group). (E) PVN samples were immunoprecipitated with antibodies to TRβ and then subjected to qPCR with specific primers to the TRE area at position −570 to −490 bp upstream of the Mc4R coding sequence and primers to area −3091 to −2996 bp upstream as a control. Control PCR abundance was set to 1; IgG was used as a negative control; C-pups, n = 8/group; C–MMI, n = 4 to 5 per group; HFD pups, n = 5 per group; HFD–MMI, n = 4 per group; IgG, n = 3 to 4 per group. (F) Samples were immunoprecipitated with antibodies to H3K27ac and treated as in (E); C-pups, n = 12 to 13/group; C–MMI, n = 4 to 5 per group; HFD-pups, n = 9 to 10 per group; HFD–MMI, n = 4 per group; IgG, n = 5 to 8 per group. Data presented as mean ± standard error of mean; *P < 0.05.
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