Diet-induced fasting hyperglycemia and fasting hyperinsulinemia are improved by E₂ but not by EDC. Wild-type ovariectomized female mice were placed on control chow (A and C) or Western diet (B and D), treated for 12 weeks with control vehicle (Veh), E₂, empty dendrimer control (Dend), or an estrogen equivalent amount of EDC, and fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Values are mean ± SEM, n = 8–10 for control chow groups and n = 16–21 for Western diet groups; *, P < .05 vs vehicle control.