Probability distribution of the Aharonov–Bohm phase |${\rm arg} W$| at |$\beta =0.5$| (left) and |$\beta =1.4$| (right). The size of the spatial Wilson loop is |$5\times 5$|⁠, the hopping parameter is |$\kappa =0.8$|⁠, and the lattice volume is |$V=10^4$|⁠.