A forest plot showing the odds ratio (OR) of total impacts of the RAG-enhanced system compared with the baseline LLM system in clinical tasks. The left panel lists individual studies (e.g., Zakka et al., Murugan et al., Long et al.) along with their corresponding ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The right panel visualizes these ORs, with square markers proportional to study weights and horizontal lines representing CIs. The overall pooled OR is 1.35 (95% CI: 1.19–1.53), represented by a diamond at the bottom.