MitoQ: a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. MitoQ is composed of a lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cation covalently attached to a ubiquinol antioxidant.^140–142 The lipophilic cations facilitate free movement of MitoQ through phospholipid bilayers, while the triphenylphosphonium cation concentrates MitoQ ∼1000 fold within the mitochondria, driven by the large mitochondrial membrane potential.^140–142 MitoQ is reduced by the respiratory chain to its active ubiquinol form once inside the mitochondrial matrix.^140–142 This activated ubiquinol form of MitoQ inhibits lipid peroxidation, ameliorating mitochondrial damage.^140–142 Created with BioRender.com