Finnish party positions on the left–right and liberal–conservative dimensions in 1970 and 2019.

Source: Own calculations based on MARPOR data (Lehmann et al. 2023). Larger values indicate more rightist and conservative positions. The sizes of the bubbles depict parties’ shares of parliamentary seats, while the location of the abbreviations depicts the parties’ estimated positions. KOK = the National Coalition, PS = the Finns Party, SDP = the Social Democratic Party, KESK = the Centre Party, VIHR = the Green League; VAS = the Left Alliance, RKP = the Swedish People’s Party, KD = the Christian Democrats, LIIK = the Movement Now.