Risk differences (RDs) obtained when estimating various treatment effects using data from 4 simulated nodes and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Blue diamonds represent the estimates within each node, green diamonds represent the estimates when standardizing each node to the covariates of the 3 smallest nodes using inverse odds weights (IOW), and yellow diamonds represent a gold standard analysis of those 3 nodes directly. Bars show 95% CIs.