Illustration of sex-specific differential gene expression in the ‘Neural Crest Differentiation’ pathway from the WikiPathways database in Alzheimer’s disease prefrontal cortex RNA-seq data (shown is a segment of the adapted pathway diagram enriched in male-specific changes). Each box represents a gene, and the colors reflect the estimated log fold change in patients versus controls for females (left side) and males (right side). Over- and under-expression is indicated by a blue to red color gradient (see legend on the right), lack of significant expression changes is indicated by a white color. The diagram shows a male-specific overrepresentation of underexpressed genes in patients (in female patients either no significant change in expression is observed or an increased expression, as for the gene ASCL1).