Timeline of the clinical history and disease course. The figure illustrates the timeline progression of the patient’s COVID-19 infection along with relevant clinical events. The top section displays the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results and C_t values in NP, ETA, and BAL samples over time. Positive test results are indicated in red, while negative tests are represented in blue. The lower section provides a comprehensive overview of the patient’s clinical history including the history of DLBCL and its treatment, three hospitalizations (July 2022, May 2023, and from June 2023 to September 2023, including an 8-day ICU stay in June 2023) related to COVID-19, and the therapeutic interventions administered to the patient. Abbreviations: HFNC, high-flow nasal cannula therapy, R-C, R-CHOP; RTX, rituximab.