Fig. 1
Principal component analysis for the three types of surgical approaches (laparoscopic total mesorectal excision, robotic total mesorectal excision, and transanal total mesorectal excision)
L-TME, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision; R-TME, robotic total mesorectal excision; Ta-TME, transanal total mesorectal excision.