A conceptual drawing of the preparation and application of biospecies-derived genomic DNA hybrid gel electrolytes and electrochemical characterization for measuring the ionic conductivity of DNA gel electrolytes. a) Power generation using gels made from DNA (or its polysaccharide mixtures) extracted from fish and birds as electrolytes. Photographic image (center) of a DNA gel wound with curling over the researcher's hand. In the schematic of the 3D polymerization network of the DNA gel electrolyte, images of model lithium ions (blue spheres) are combined in two single-stranded DNA structures. Finally, its application to electrical storage is shown with an example of vehicle driving and lighting LED bulbs. b–g) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to determine the ionic conductivity of the DNA gel electrolyte. b, c) EIS analysis of DNA gel electrolytes with varying LiCl concentrations and Nyquist plot analysis at high frequencies, respectively. The resistance was obtained from intercepts on the real axis of the Nyquist plot, corresponding to the intrinsic bulk resistance of the DNA gel electrolyte, and evaluated the ionic conductivity for each LiCl concentration. d) Changes of the ionic conductivity with LiCl concentrations in DNA gel electrolytes. e, f) EIS analysis of DNA gels of 200 mM LiCl at different temperatures. The resistance and conductivity of DNA gel electrolytes at various temperatures were obtained from the Nyquist plot. Figure f represents a Nyquist graph at high frequency. g) Temperature-dependent ionic conductivity of the DNA gel optimized with 200 mM LiCl shown in the Arrhenius plot.