Variants observed in RdRp at frequencies of 5 per cent or greater. Sites reported to convey resistance to remdesivir are shown in red vdW representation (Szemiel et al. 2021; Gandhi et al. 2022; Stevens et al. 2022). Other colours show variants observed in hamster populations at frequencies of 5 per cent or more. Image created in VMD (Humphrey, Dalke, and Schulten 1996) based on the PDB structure 6m71 (Gao et al. 2020).