Distribution of connected groups of pixels according to their distance R from the input direction and their area S. The left panel shows results for random directions that are unlikely to contain galaxy clusters. Density contours are shown as black dashed curves. Two central panels illustrate detected groups of pixels which corresponding to clusters from the ACT DR5 test subsample and spectroscopically confirmed clusters from PSZ2. The right panel shows the distribution of detected groups of pixels for SZcat directions. The latter plot combines characteristics of random fields and PSZ2 clusters since SZcat contains a quite number of false detections. In green, we show groups that satisfy our criteria for clusters: S > 20 and p_max > 0.8.