MoCoLo evaluates the co-localization of 8-oxo-dG and non-B DNA-forming regions (Case 2). (A) The overview of the genome-wide mapping of 8-oxo-dG peaks and non-B DNA motifs. (B) and (C) The length distribution of 8-oxo-dG peaks (median, ~500 bases) and non-B DNA-forming motifs (median, ~25 bases). (D) The numbers of overlapped 8-oxo-dG regions (the observed) that co-localized with non-B DNA motifs by non-B DNA category. 8-oxo-dG shows significant co-localization with six non-B DNA types except IR and Z-DNA. (E) The numbers of overlapped motifs of each non-B DNA type that co-localized with 8-oxo-dG regions. Six non-B DNA types show significant co-localization of their structure forming region and 8-oxo-dG region except IR. (F) While testing the co-localization between Z-DNA and 8-oxo-dG, there is significantly higher frequency of overlapped Z-DNA in the observed group while there is no significant difference of overlapped 8-oxo-dG. The explanation is that there is a high enrichment of Z-DNA in certain 8-oxo-dG regions. Therefore, while counting Z-DNA, there are higher overlapped Z-DNA (bottom) while the overlapped 8-oxo-dG regions stay the same (top). The observation highlights the need and benefits of using two-metric evaluation of co-localization and the importance of pivot feature selection. (G) Comparative analyses of co-localization between different non-B DNA types and 8-oxo-dG. It investigates whether certain non-B DNA types exhibit higher co-localization with 8-oxo-dG compared to others. The evaluation of co-localization by using the number of overlapped 8-oxo-dG regions as the metric and the testing result across non-B DNA types.