PbE3-2 suppresses plant immune response. A) Chitin-induced ROS burst is suppressed in PbE3-2 overexpression lines. The values represent means ± Se (n = 16 biological replicates). Experiments were repeated 3 times with similar results. B, C) Induction of the salicylate pathway genes was compromised in PbE3-2 overexpression lines. Leaves of 4-wk-old plants were infiltrated with 20-μg/mL chitin for 24 h. Data were normalized to ACTIN2 expression in qPCR analysis. Statistical analysis in B) and C) were performed by 1-way ANOVA with Kruskal–Wallis test (significance set at P ≤ 0.05). Different letters (a, b, c, d, and e) are significantly different. n = 3 biological replicates; data are shown as mean ± Sd. Experiments were repeated 3 times with similar results. D) Salicylic acid metabolite quantification of 24 h after hand infiltration with 20 μg/mL of chitin or H2O of 4-wk-old Arabidopsis leaves. Statistical analysis was performed by 1-way ANOVA with Kruskal–Wallis test (significance set at P ≤ 0.05). Different letters (a and b) indicate significant differences. n = 3 biological replicates; data are shown as mean ± Se.
