USP38 alters electrophysiological properties of the atrial in pressure overload-induced mice. (A) ERP of the left atrium of USP38^fl/fl and USP38^cko mice at 4 weeks after sham or AB surgery evaluated (n = 6–8). (B) Inducibility of AF of USP38^fl/fl and USP38^cko mice at 4 weeks after sham or AB surgery (n = 10–12). (C) Duration of AF of USP38^fl/fl and USP38^cko mice at 4 weeks after AB surgery (n = 10–12). (D) ERP of left atrium of NTG and USP38-TG mice at 4 weeks after sham or AB surgery evaluated (n = 6–8). (E) Inducibility of AF of NTG and USP38-TG mice at 4 weeks after sham or AB surgery (n = 10–13). (F) Duration of AF of NTG and USP38-TG mice at 4 weeks after AB surgery (n = 10–13). (G) Representative electrocardiogram (ECG) and monophasic action potential (MAP) of AF induction after burst pacing in pressure overload-induced mice. Data in A and D were calculated by one-way analysis of variance (Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Data in B and E were calculated by Fisher’s exact test. Data in C and F was calculated by Student’s t-test (unpaired, two-tailed, two groups). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.