Illustration summarizing the observations by Hinode and IRIS [reproduced from Toriumi et al. (2017) by permission of the AAS]. In the emerging flux region, the energy-releasing event takes place within the undular field lines around the surface layer. The field line at the polarity inversion line (PIL) shows a bald-patch configuration, and the magnetic reconnection occurs at the throat of this U-shaped loop (Georgoulis et al. 2002). Red and blue arrows indicate bidirectional jets, while the + and − signs show the positive and negative polarities, respectively. Currently, from space, we can only observe the photospheric magnetic fields and the chromospheric and transition-region dynamics. (Color online)