Block and fault geometry for models A (a) through D (d). Thick gray lines are block boundaries. Thin red and brown lines depict major active faults and international borders, respectively. Block names shown by numbers: (1) BONA (Bonaire), (2) CARI (Caribbean), (3) EPSUB (Subandean), (4) MARA (Maracaibo), (5) NAW (North Andean West), (6) NAZCA (Nazca), (7) PANA (Panama), (8) PFW (Peruvian Forearc West), (9) ROME (Romeral), (10) SANJ (San Jacinto), (11) UIOL (Quito-Latacunga) and (12) SOAM (South America).