Comparison of the prediction performance on different pConf score regions or domains.  a-b, The negative correlations between the relative improvement between ESMPair and AF-Multimer in different pConf score regions. c–f, We compare the DockQ score among ESMPair, AF-Multimer and Genome on Eucaryote, Bacteria and Eucaryote&Bacteria domains. The Euca.&Bact. is a special domain where the two constituent chains in the heterodimer belong to the two domains, respectively. Specifically, the heterodimers of our dataset are from Eucaryotes, Bacteria, Viruses, Archaea, Eucaryotes;Bacteria, respectively. We group the data from Bateria, Viruses and Archaea as the Bateria domain. In all test sets, ESMPair significantly outperforms the other two baselines on the Eucaryote targets.