Age-period-cohort trends in ischaemic stroke mortality rates among females and males: USA, 1975 to 2019. Ischaemic stroke mortality rates (per 100 000 population) are shown in relation to age (for the reference period, 2019) on the left axis. The stroke mortality incidence rate ratio (95% confidence interval) is shown in relation to birth cohort (with the 1960 maternal birth year as the reference) and period (with 2019 as the reference) on the right axis. The shaded bands denote 95% confidence intervals