Temporal information flow dynamics across the regions in the central executive network (CEN) within the theta band. The results from temporal partial directed coherence (TPDC) are shown over the template brain. The two rows represent Experiments 1 and 2 for the theta frequency band. The red arrows indicate the information flow during the baseline window (B, −250 to 0 ms), and the blue lines indicate the difference in the information flow with the previous time window. The arrow thickness indicates the strength of the information flow when compared to the previous time window. Please refer to Table 1 legend for full forms of the abbreviations in the figure. CGp, cingulate gyrus posterior division; FO, frontal orbital cortex; MFG, middle frontal gyrus; SPL, superior parietal lobule.