Contribution of hospitalizations, drugs, and other resource use to direct annual costs of atrial fibrillation*. AF, atrial fibrillation; UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America. *The following studies are not presented because disaggregated costs were not reported: Jeantet¹⁹; Reynolds⁴³; Fidan.^{30 †}For patients undergoing catheter ablation. ^‡For elderly patients (medicare beneficiaries, i.e. those aged 65 years and older).