Female het Gabrg2+/Q390X KI mice exhibit larger delta-frequency power during NREM sleep than male het Gabrg2+/Q390X KI mice and the diagram for seizure onset in het Gabrg2+/Q390X KI mice. Panels A shows summary data of the power of delta-frequency (0.1–4 Hz) EEG activity during NREM sleep period for male (M, blank) and female (F, filled) het KI mice (n = 13 each). * indicates t-test significance with P < 0.05. Panels B shows the mechanism/pathway diagram in the study. All scale bars are labelled as with the same scale indicated. The black arrows in the diagram indicate the sequential pathways for epileptic SWD onset. The Laser-NpHR arrow indicates the laser-activated NpHR to generate SWOs in vivo, and the DEAB arrow with a vertical bar indicates the DEAB suppression of homeostatic synaptic plasticity in vivo.