(A) Kaplan–Meir rate of survival for the EFFORTLESS study, 5-year follow-up, for all patients (n = 984) and for primary prevention, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 35% (n = 303). (B) Multivariable predictors of mortality. Predictors modelled as continuous variables are indicated with an ‘asterisk’. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TV-ICD, transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.