Differences in FEV1 (Figure 1A) and FVC (Figure 1B) z-scores by participant characteristics at enrollment. Adjusted models include age, sex (male/female), BMI, smoking (yes/no), history of TB (yes/no), diabetes (yes/no), average viral load and CD4 counts, CD4 count at ART initiation, and duration of ART in months. Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; TB, tuberculosis.