Functional characterization of positive selected sites of US12 (ICP47). (A) Ribbon representation of the 3D structure of ICP47 bound to the TAP transporter, which in turn is composed by two subunits, TAP1 and TAP2 (PDB ID: 5u1d) (Oldham et al. 2016). Positively selected sites are represented as red sticks in the enlargement. (B) Schematic view recapitulating the amino state of positively selected sites tested in our analyses. The positively selected sites are colored. Green represents the amino acid status observed in HSV-1/HSV-2, whereas red denotes the status in B virus. The same colors are also used for the barplots in (C) and (D). HLA-ABC (C) and HLA-G (D) expression at the cell surface. Jurkat cells were transfected with the ICP47 constructs and the amounts of total HLA-ABC or HLA-G antigen was quantified by cytofluorimetry after 48 hours. MFI bar plots represent the mean and standard deviation of four replicates. P values were calculated using ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001).