Metabolomics analysis in obese vs lean participants. A, Partial least squares–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) fully separated obese (red, n = 88) from lean (green, n = 43) participants, and selected 205 significant metabolites that contributed to the separation with variable importance in projection (VIP) greater than 1. B, Group-lasso selected 11 subpathways containing 47 significant metabolites with an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1 (metabolite higher in obese) or OR less than 1 (metabolite lower in obese), adjusted for age and sex. C, Pathway analysis of PLS-DA– and group-lasso–selected metabolites. The circles represent selected enriched subpathways. Circle color indicates significance level from most (red) to least (lightest pink) significant. Circle size represents the number of selected metabolites belonging to the enriched subpathways. The subpathways also encompass several lipid pathways because the global metabolomics analysis detects some lipids.