Germ cell-specific Ythdf2 deletion changes the dynamic expressions of a wave of stage specific genes during spermatogenesis   (A) Mapping the upregulated genes modified with m⁶A to our previous data of mouse spermatogenesis [14]. (B) Heatmap analysis of the wild-type expression level of the upregulated genes modified with m⁶A and downregulated genes in Ythdf2-vKO mice based on our previously published paper [7]. A1, type A1 spermatogonia; In, intermediate spermatogonia; TypeBS, S phase type B spermatogonia; TypeBG2M, G2/M phase type B spermatogonia; G1, G1 phase preleptotene; ePL, early S phase preleptotene; mPL, middle S phase preleptotene; lPL, late S phase preleptotene; L, leptotene; Z, zygotene; eP, early pachytene; mP, middle pachytene; lP, late pachytene; D, diplotene; MI, metaphase I; MII, metaphase II; RS1o2, steps 1–2 spermatids; RS3o4, steps 3–4 spermatids; RS5o6, steps 5–6 spermatids; RS7o8, steps 7–8 spermatids. (C) Dot blot assay was used to analyze the total m⁶A level of Ythdf2-vKO mice testes. A total of 50 ng mRNA was loaded for each point. MB: methylene blue. (D) The changes in the dynamic expression pattern of genes during spermatogenesis of germ cell-specific Ythdf2 mutants were confirmed via qPCR analysis of two stages of spermatogenic cells (diplotene spermatocytes and round spermatids) collected by FACS. DS, diplotene spermatocytes; RS, round spermatids. Data are presented as the mean±SEM (n=3 for each genotype). ***P<0.001.