BAV aortopathy phenotypes. On the left is a normal aorta. (Top) The most common phenotype (approximately 70%), the ascending phenotype, is preferential dilatation of the tubular ascending aorta. (Middle) The root phenotype involves preferential dilatation of the root, seen in approximately 20% of patients with bicuspid aortic valve with aortopathy. (Bottom) The extended phenotype shows dilatation of the root, the ascending aorta and the arch. The most common extended phenotypes are root plus ascending aorta and ascending aorta plus arch. BAV: bicuspid aortic valve.