Fenamates alter the shape of auxin-induced Ca²⁺. A–C, 2,4-d-Induced Ca²⁺ response of YFP-apoaequorin-expressing BY-2 cells treated with 50 µM FFA (A), NFA (B), or TFA (C). Discharge solution was added after 200 s. The data represent average luminescence values of 4–8 individual measurements (solid lines) in comparison with the average of 4–8 DMSO controls (dotted lines) in the same multiwell plate. Error bars represent ± sem. D, Phenotype of wild-type Col-0 seedlings grown for 7 d in presence of 0.1% DMSO or 20 µM FFA, NFA, or TFA. E, Vertical Growth Index (VGI) values for the roots from (D). For each treatment, 42 to 47 roots were measured. Student’s t test p-values: ***P < 0.001. F–H, Confocal microscopy images of 5-d-old DR5rev::VENUS-N7 seedlings grown on 0.1% (v/v) DMSO (F), 20 µM FFA (G), and 20 µM TFA (H). Green: DR5rev::VENUS-N7 signal; red: propidium iodide staining. A.U., arbitrary units.