TEMPRANILLO controls leaf mesophyll morphology and GA accumulation in the mesophyll. A, Expression analysis of GA biosynthesis enzymes GA  3ox1 and GA3ox2 in tem1 tem2, PCAB:amiR  TEM, wild-type, PCAB·:  TEM  2 and P35S:  TEM  2 seedlings at 11 DAG grown under LD. Two independent lines over-expressing (PCAB3  :  TEM  2.1 and PCAB3  :  TEM  2.2)and partially silencing TEM specifically in the mesophyll (  PCAB3  :amiR  TEM  13.3 and PCAB3  :amiR  TEM  10.2) were included in the expression analyses. B, C, D, E, F, and G, Arabidopsis leaf cross sections. B, C, D, Leaf cross sections of tem1-1 tem2-2 (B), wild type (C), and P35S:  TEM  2 (D) in 11 DAG plants. E, F, G, central leaf cross sections of tem1-1 tem2-2 (E), wild type (F), and P35S:  TEM  2 (G) in 11 DAG plants. Cross sections show the central area of the rosette leaf including the main vascular bundle. pm, palisade mesophyll cells; m, mesophyll cells. Scale bars represent 100 μm. (H) Relative expression of different NPF transporter genes in TEM mutants and over-expressors 11 DAG. One representative of three biological replicates is shown with error bars of three qPCR replicates. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (* P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001) obtained using Student’s t test.