ddm1 releases the repression of snc1 expression by mos1-1. A, Morphology of 5-week-old soil-grown plants of wild type (WT), ddm1-8, mos1-1 snc1 npr1-1, ddm1-8 mos1-1 snc1, and snc1 npr1-1. B and C, PR gene expression in wild type, ddm1-8, mos1-1 snc1 npr1-1, ddm1-8 mos1-1 snc1, snc1, and snc1 npr1-1. Total RNA was extracted from 12-d-old seedlings grown on Murashige and Skoog medium. Relative expression levels of PR1 (B) or PR2 (C) were determined by real-time PCR. Values were normalized to the expression of ACTIN1. Error bars represent sd from three measurements. D, Growth of H.  arabidopsidis Noco2 on wild type, ddm1-8, mos1-1 snc1 npr1-1, ddm1-8 mos1-1 snc1, snc1, and snc1 npr1-1 plants. Twelve-day-old seedlings were sprayed with H.  arabidopsidis Noco2 (5 × 10⁴ spores/mL). Infection was scored 7 d post inoculation by counting the number of conidia spores. Error bars represent sds from averages of three measurements. Statistical differences among the samples are labeled with different letters (P < 0.01). E, SNC1/snc1 expression in wild type, ddm1-8, mos1-1 snc1 npr1-1, ddm1-8 mos1-1 snc1, snc1, and snc1 npr1-1 plants. Total RNA was extracted from 12-d-old seedlings grown on Murashige and Skoog medium. Relative expression levels of SNC1/snc1 were determined by real-time PCR. Values were normalized to the expression of ACTIN1. Error bars represent sd from three measurements. All gene expression analysis was performed on three batches of independent grown plants. Similar results were obtained from different batches of plants and data shown are representatives from one of the experiments. [See online article for color version of this figure.]