Kaplan–Meier plot of arrhythmia resolution and recurrence. During ablation, an increasing proportion of trial patients return to sinus rhythm in response to ablation as the procedure progresses, with a higher rate of conversion in the multi-catheter cryotherapy group than in the radiofrequency group (A). In the reference group, spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm did not occur. In the years after ablation, after a 6-month blanking period, an increasing proportion of patients developed atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia or atrial flutter (B) with a similar rate in both of the treatment groups, a higher rate in the reference group.