Figure 6.
Application of the hamster model for studying the effects of immunoprophylaxis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Passive immunization study: A, Reciprocal serum SARS-CoV-2–specific neutralizing antibody titers in SARS-CoV-2–infected hamsters on the indicated days following intranasal challenge. The mean antibody titers from 3 hamsters per group are shown on a logarithmic scale. The dotted line indicates the lower limit of detection (<1:20). B, Viral load in the nasal turbinate and lung tissues of the hamsters that received SARS-CoV-2–infected hamsters' convalescent sera collected at 14 dpi (n = 5) and those that received mock-infected hamster convalescent sera (n = 3). Error bars represent SDs of the mean. Student t test was used to calculate statistical significance. Transmission study of SARS-CoV-2 among close contact hamsters: C, Viral load by qRT-PCR assay in the respiratory tract tissues of SARS-CoV-2–challenged and naive contact hamsters at 4 dpi and 4 days after exposure, respectively (n = 5/group). D, Body weight changes in SARS-CoV-2–challenged index (n = 8 at 0–4 dpi; n = 3 at 5–14 dpi as 5 animals were sacrificed at 4 dpi) and naive contact (n = 8 at 0–4 dpi; n = 3 at 5–14 dpi) hamsters. E, Amino acid substitution in spike-coding sequences. Samples obtained from the SARS-CoV-2–challenged index hamsters and naive contact hamsters were subjected to Sanger sequencing. Spike-coding sequences of each sample were compared, and the positions corresponding to the spike gene were listed. The nucleotide substitutions were underlined. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .0001 by 2-way ANOVA. Error bars represent SDs of the mean. Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; dpi, days postinoculation; FP, fusion peptide; HR1, heptad repeat 1; HR2, heptad repeat 2; NTD, N-terminal domain; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction; RBD, receptor-binding domain; S1, spike S1 subunit; S2, spike S2 subunit; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SP, signal peptide; TM, transmembrane domain.

Application of the hamster model for studying the effects of immunoprophylaxis and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Passive immunization study: A, Reciprocal serum SARS-CoV-2–specific neutralizing antibody titers in SARS-CoV-2–infected hamsters on the indicated days following intranasal challenge. The mean antibody titers from 3 hamsters per group are shown on a logarithmic scale. The dotted line indicates the lower limit of detection (<1:20). B, Viral load in the nasal turbinate and lung tissues of the hamsters that received SARS-CoV-2–infected hamsters' convalescent sera collected at 14 dpi (n = 5) and those that received mock-infected hamster convalescent sera (n = 3). Error bars represent SDs of the mean. Student t test was used to calculate statistical significance. Transmission study of SARS-CoV-2 among close contact hamsters: C, Viral load by qRT-PCR assay in the respiratory tract tissues of SARS-CoV-2–challenged and naive contact hamsters at 4 dpi and 4 days after exposure, respectively (n = 5/group). D, Body weight changes in SARS-CoV-2–challenged index (n = 8 at 0–4 dpi; n = 3 at 5–14 dpi as 5 animals were sacrificed at 4 dpi) and naive contact (n = 8 at 0–4 dpi; n = 3 at 5–14 dpi) hamsters. E, Amino acid substitution in spike-coding sequences. Samples obtained from the SARS-CoV-2–challenged index hamsters and naive contact hamsters were subjected to Sanger sequencing. Spike-coding sequences of each sample were compared, and the positions corresponding to the spike gene were listed. The nucleotide substitutions were underlined. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .0001 by 2-way ANOVA. Error bars represent SDs of the mean. Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; dpi, days postinoculation; FP, fusion peptide; HR1, heptad repeat 1; HR2, heptad repeat 2; NTD, N-terminal domain; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction; RBD, receptor-binding domain; S1, spike S1 subunit; S2, spike S2 subunit; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SP, signal peptide; TM, transmembrane domain.

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