Nomograms for left heart diameters and wall thickness, as a function of body surface area and age class distribution. The curved lines indicate Z-score = 2.

LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; IVS: interventricular septum; LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall; AoR: aortic root; LAD: left atrial diameter; FS: fractional shortening; LVM: left ventricular mass BSA: body surface area