Empirical power given a nominal significance level of 0.05. The empirical power of ADABF, GRS-M (M) and GRS-I (I). GRS-M and GRS-I were evaluated at 10 P-value thresholds (from the left bar to the right bar): 0.0001, 0.00025, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1. M^* and I^* are GRS-M and GRS-I corrected for multiple testing, respectively. The P-value of M^* (or I^*) is 10 times the minimum P-value of the 10 GRS-M (or GRS-I) tests. An M^* (or I^*) test is claimed to be significant if its P-value < 0.05 (the nominal significance level). BON is single marker analysis while controlling the FWER at 5% using the BON; BH is single marker analysis while controlling the FDR at 5% using the BH. The height of the blue (yellow) bars marks the empirical power of each test given 20 SNP × E with smaller (larger) effect sizes. The red line with black points marks the empirical power given 50 SNP × E with smaller effect sizes.