Chemical properties of seed kernels of Triadica sebifera collected from introduced (USA, black) and native (China, white) ranges. (a) Gibberellins (GA), (b) abscisic acid (ABA), (c) the ratio of GA to ABA, (d) crude fat, (e) soluble protein, (f) sugar. Seed sources, collection times and number of replicates are given in Supplementary Tables S1 and S2. Means + 1 SE are shown. Differences between origins were determined by nested ANOVAs with origin as fixed effect and populations as random effect nested within each origin.