The Kaplan–Meier method. Probability of freedom from death or reoperation and probability of freedom from combined end point (death or reoperation and/or moderate aortic valve dysfunction) in (A) patients >18 years of age and <18 years of age at operation, (B) patients with initial AS and AI and (C) patients with initial uni-, bi- or triaortic valve morphology. AI: aortic valve insufficiency; AS: aortic valve stenosis; AVR: aortic valve reconstruction; Bi: bicuspid; Tri: tricuspid; Uni: unicuspid.