Increased frequency of IFN-γ-secreting T cells in the mucosa of patients with PSC-UC compared with UC patients. [A] Representative gating strategy for intracellular staining in LPMC. Cells were gated on CD45⁺ live cells, lymphocytes, and on CD3⁺, CD8⁺ or CD4⁺ cells. IFN-γ⁺, IL-17A⁺, and IL-22⁺ cells were gated as shown. Gates were set using unstimulated conditions. [B] Frequency of IFN-γ⁺, IL-17A⁺, and IL-22⁺ cells among CD3⁺, CD8⁺, and CD4⁺ T cells from the colon of patients with PSC-UC, UC, and controls. *P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney test vs UC. PSC-UC, primary sclerosing cholangitis-ulcerative colitis; LPMC, lamina propria mononuclear cells.