Ownership of assets and housing characteristics by SES quintiles (SES based on asset index)
| Variable . | Rural (Asset quintiles) . | Urban (Asset quintiles) . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . |
| Owns livestock | ||||||||||
| Goats | 0.661 | 0.667 | 0.722 | 0.704 | 0.704 | 0.337 | 0.306 | 0.212 | 0.329 | 0.329 |
| Cows | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.389 | 0.259 | 0.518 | 0.081 | 0.141 | 0.129 | 0.188 | 0.341 |
| Chicken | 0.864 | 0.843 | 0.963 | 0.925 | 0.870 | 0.442 | 0.365 | 0.282 | 0.365 | 0.318 |
| Sewing machine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.168 | 0.259 | 0.070 | 0.165 | 0.188 | 0.223 | 0.418 |
| Telephone | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.055 | 0.070 | 0.118 | 0.247 | 0.506 | 0.859 |
| Television/VCR | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.130 | 0.070 | 0.082 | 0.318 | 0.365 | 0.812 |
| Radio | 0.000 | 0.627 | 0.574 | 0.704 | 0.759 | 0.651 | 0.729 | 0.776 | 0.847 | 0.965 |
| Land/plot | 0.983 | 0.765 | 0.907 | 0.907 | 0.870 | 0.732 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.671 |
| Bicycle | 0.000 | 0.118 | 0.314 | 0.241 | 0.333 | 0.395 | 0.400 | 0.259 | 0.294 | 0.341 |
| Wall type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.574 | 0.930 | 0.094 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Bricks | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.203 | 0.046 | 0.859 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.222 | 0.023 | 0.047 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Floor type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.685 | 0.918 | 0.176 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Cement | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.296 | 0.070 | 0.812 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Roof type | ||||||||||
| • Iron | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.111 | 0.685 | 0.162 | 0.776 | 0.976 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Makuti | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.926 | 0.888 | 0.278 | 0.837 | 0.224 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.074 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Drinking water | ||||||||||
| • Tap | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.167 | 0.537 | 0.556 | 0.372 | 0.482 | 0.424 | 0.824 | 0.953 |
| • Borehole | 0.000 | 0.098 | 0.093 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.558 | 0.471 | 0.529 | 0.129 | 0.047 |
| • Dam | 1.000 | 0.902 | 0.741 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 0.070 | 0.047 | 0.045 | 0.047 | 0.000 |
| Toilet facilities | ||||||||||
| • Flush | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.235 | 0.118 | 0.306 |
| • Pit latrine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.204 | 0.500 | 0.930 | 0.965 | 0.976 | 0.882 | 0.694 |
| • No toilet (bush) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.796 | 0.481 | 0.023 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cooking fuel | ||||||||||
| • Firewood | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.605 | 0.614 | 0.400 | 0.129 | 0.012 | 0.000 |
| • Charcoal | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.190 | 0.224 | 0.212 | 0.188 | 0.118 |
| • Kerosene | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.186 | 0.353 | 0.588 | 0.623 | 0.717 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 0.071 | 0.177 | 0.165 |
| Variable . | Rural (Asset quintiles) . | Urban (Asset quintiles) . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . |
| Owns livestock | ||||||||||
| Goats | 0.661 | 0.667 | 0.722 | 0.704 | 0.704 | 0.337 | 0.306 | 0.212 | 0.329 | 0.329 |
| Cows | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.389 | 0.259 | 0.518 | 0.081 | 0.141 | 0.129 | 0.188 | 0.341 |
| Chicken | 0.864 | 0.843 | 0.963 | 0.925 | 0.870 | 0.442 | 0.365 | 0.282 | 0.365 | 0.318 |
| Sewing machine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.168 | 0.259 | 0.070 | 0.165 | 0.188 | 0.223 | 0.418 |
| Telephone | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.055 | 0.070 | 0.118 | 0.247 | 0.506 | 0.859 |
| Television/VCR | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.130 | 0.070 | 0.082 | 0.318 | 0.365 | 0.812 |
| Radio | 0.000 | 0.627 | 0.574 | 0.704 | 0.759 | 0.651 | 0.729 | 0.776 | 0.847 | 0.965 |
| Land/plot | 0.983 | 0.765 | 0.907 | 0.907 | 0.870 | 0.732 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.671 |
| Bicycle | 0.000 | 0.118 | 0.314 | 0.241 | 0.333 | 0.395 | 0.400 | 0.259 | 0.294 | 0.341 |
| Wall type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.574 | 0.930 | 0.094 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Bricks | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.203 | 0.046 | 0.859 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.222 | 0.023 | 0.047 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Floor type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.685 | 0.918 | 0.176 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Cement | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.296 | 0.070 | 0.812 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Roof type | ||||||||||
| • Iron | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.111 | 0.685 | 0.162 | 0.776 | 0.976 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Makuti | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.926 | 0.888 | 0.278 | 0.837 | 0.224 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.074 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Drinking water | ||||||||||
| • Tap | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.167 | 0.537 | 0.556 | 0.372 | 0.482 | 0.424 | 0.824 | 0.953 |
| • Borehole | 0.000 | 0.098 | 0.093 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.558 | 0.471 | 0.529 | 0.129 | 0.047 |
| • Dam | 1.000 | 0.902 | 0.741 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 0.070 | 0.047 | 0.045 | 0.047 | 0.000 |
| Toilet facilities | ||||||||||
| • Flush | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.235 | 0.118 | 0.306 |
| • Pit latrine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.204 | 0.500 | 0.930 | 0.965 | 0.976 | 0.882 | 0.694 |
| • No toilet (bush) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.796 | 0.481 | 0.023 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cooking fuel | ||||||||||
| • Firewood | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.605 | 0.614 | 0.400 | 0.129 | 0.012 | 0.000 |
| • Charcoal | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.190 | 0.224 | 0.212 | 0.188 | 0.118 |
| • Kerosene | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.186 | 0.353 | 0.588 | 0.623 | 0.717 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 0.071 | 0.177 | 0.165 |
Ownership of assets and housing characteristics by SES quintiles (SES based on asset index)
| Variable . | Rural (Asset quintiles) . | Urban (Asset quintiles) . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . |
| Owns livestock | ||||||||||
| Goats | 0.661 | 0.667 | 0.722 | 0.704 | 0.704 | 0.337 | 0.306 | 0.212 | 0.329 | 0.329 |
| Cows | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.389 | 0.259 | 0.518 | 0.081 | 0.141 | 0.129 | 0.188 | 0.341 |
| Chicken | 0.864 | 0.843 | 0.963 | 0.925 | 0.870 | 0.442 | 0.365 | 0.282 | 0.365 | 0.318 |
| Sewing machine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.168 | 0.259 | 0.070 | 0.165 | 0.188 | 0.223 | 0.418 |
| Telephone | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.055 | 0.070 | 0.118 | 0.247 | 0.506 | 0.859 |
| Television/VCR | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.130 | 0.070 | 0.082 | 0.318 | 0.365 | 0.812 |
| Radio | 0.000 | 0.627 | 0.574 | 0.704 | 0.759 | 0.651 | 0.729 | 0.776 | 0.847 | 0.965 |
| Land/plot | 0.983 | 0.765 | 0.907 | 0.907 | 0.870 | 0.732 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.671 |
| Bicycle | 0.000 | 0.118 | 0.314 | 0.241 | 0.333 | 0.395 | 0.400 | 0.259 | 0.294 | 0.341 |
| Wall type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.574 | 0.930 | 0.094 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Bricks | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.203 | 0.046 | 0.859 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.222 | 0.023 | 0.047 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Floor type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.685 | 0.918 | 0.176 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Cement | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.296 | 0.070 | 0.812 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Roof type | ||||||||||
| • Iron | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.111 | 0.685 | 0.162 | 0.776 | 0.976 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Makuti | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.926 | 0.888 | 0.278 | 0.837 | 0.224 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.074 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Drinking water | ||||||||||
| • Tap | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.167 | 0.537 | 0.556 | 0.372 | 0.482 | 0.424 | 0.824 | 0.953 |
| • Borehole | 0.000 | 0.098 | 0.093 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.558 | 0.471 | 0.529 | 0.129 | 0.047 |
| • Dam | 1.000 | 0.902 | 0.741 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 0.070 | 0.047 | 0.045 | 0.047 | 0.000 |
| Toilet facilities | ||||||||||
| • Flush | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.235 | 0.118 | 0.306 |
| • Pit latrine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.204 | 0.500 | 0.930 | 0.965 | 0.976 | 0.882 | 0.694 |
| • No toilet (bush) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.796 | 0.481 | 0.023 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cooking fuel | ||||||||||
| • Firewood | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.605 | 0.614 | 0.400 | 0.129 | 0.012 | 0.000 |
| • Charcoal | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.190 | 0.224 | 0.212 | 0.188 | 0.118 |
| • Kerosene | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.186 | 0.353 | 0.588 | 0.623 | 0.717 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 0.071 | 0.177 | 0.165 |
| Variable . | Rural (Asset quintiles) . | Urban (Asset quintiles) . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . | 1 (Poorest) . | 2 . | 3 . | 4 . | 5 (Richest) . |
| Owns livestock | ||||||||||
| Goats | 0.661 | 0.667 | 0.722 | 0.704 | 0.704 | 0.337 | 0.306 | 0.212 | 0.329 | 0.329 |
| Cows | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.389 | 0.259 | 0.518 | 0.081 | 0.141 | 0.129 | 0.188 | 0.341 |
| Chicken | 0.864 | 0.843 | 0.963 | 0.925 | 0.870 | 0.442 | 0.365 | 0.282 | 0.365 | 0.318 |
| Sewing machine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.168 | 0.259 | 0.070 | 0.165 | 0.188 | 0.223 | 0.418 |
| Telephone | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.055 | 0.070 | 0.118 | 0.247 | 0.506 | 0.859 |
| Television/VCR | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.130 | 0.070 | 0.082 | 0.318 | 0.365 | 0.812 |
| Radio | 0.000 | 0.627 | 0.574 | 0.704 | 0.759 | 0.651 | 0.729 | 0.776 | 0.847 | 0.965 |
| Land/plot | 0.983 | 0.765 | 0.907 | 0.907 | 0.870 | 0.732 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.624 | 0.671 |
| Bicycle | 0.000 | 0.118 | 0.314 | 0.241 | 0.333 | 0.395 | 0.400 | 0.259 | 0.294 | 0.341 |
| Wall type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.574 | 0.930 | 0.094 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Bricks | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.203 | 0.046 | 0.859 | 0.988 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.222 | 0.023 | 0.047 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Floor type | ||||||||||
| • Mud | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.685 | 0.918 | 0.176 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Cement | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.296 | 0.070 | 0.812 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Roof type | ||||||||||
| • Iron | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.111 | 0.685 | 0.162 | 0.776 | 0.976 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| • Makuti | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.926 | 0.888 | 0.278 | 0.837 | 0.224 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.074 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Drinking water | ||||||||||
| • Tap | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.167 | 0.537 | 0.556 | 0.372 | 0.482 | 0.424 | 0.824 | 0.953 |
| • Borehole | 0.000 | 0.098 | 0.093 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.558 | 0.471 | 0.529 | 0.129 | 0.047 |
| • Dam | 1.000 | 0.902 | 0.741 | 0.444 | 0.444 | 0.070 | 0.047 | 0.045 | 0.047 | 0.000 |
| Toilet facilities | ||||||||||
| • Flush | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.235 | 0.118 | 0.306 |
| • Pit latrine | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.204 | 0.500 | 0.930 | 0.965 | 0.976 | 0.882 | 0.694 |
| • No toilet (bush) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.981 | 0.796 | 0.481 | 0.023 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.019 | 0.000 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cooking fuel | ||||||||||
| • Firewood | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.605 | 0.614 | 0.400 | 0.129 | 0.012 | 0.000 |
| • Charcoal | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.190 | 0.224 | 0.212 | 0.188 | 0.118 |
| • Kerosene | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.186 | 0.353 | 0.588 | 0.623 | 0.717 |
| • Other | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 0.071 | 0.177 | 0.165 |
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