Table 4. Open in new tab Univariate and...

	Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b	Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c	Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}
Sex (female)	1.19 (0.68–2.10)	.540			0.50 (0.31–0.81)	.004	0.51 (0.30–0.85)	.009	1.16 (0.69–1.92)	.572
Age (per year)	1.03 (0.99–1.01)	.076	1.04 (1.00–1.07)	.027	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	.995			0.99 (0.97–1.01)	.348
Rheumatoid arthritis	2.98 (1.35–6.56)	.007	3.33 (1.40–7.93)	.007	2.95 (1.55–5.62)	.004	-	-	1.19 (0.37–3.81)	.772
Immunosuppressive therapy	1.49 (0.66–3.66)	.343			2.76 (1.56–4.89)	.002	2.64 (1.46–4.79)	.001	1.51 (0.65–3.51)	.363
Renal chronic disease	1.67 (0.73–3.81)	.223			1.99 (1.05–3.79)	.053	-	-	1.17 (0.47–2.91)	.746
Prosthesis location (knee)	1.04 (0.86–1.26)	.677			0.98 (0.83–1.14)	.753			1.18 (0.98–1.41)	.073	-	-
Revision prosthesis	1.53 (0.83–2.81)	.173			1.78 (1.09–2.91)	.027	1.77 (1.07–2.93)	.027	1.56 (0.90–2.70)	.129
Chronic post-surgical inf.^e	1.212 (0.97–1.23)	.091	1.41 (1.10–1.81)	.007	1.12 (0.92–1.37)	.256			1.47 (1.22–1.77)	<.001	2.24 (1.24–4.05)	.008
Sinus tract	0.75 (0.31–1.84)	.529			1.05 (0.54–2.06)	.881			1.61 (0.84–3.11)	.175
Bacteremia	2.17 (1.20–3.92)	.011	2.23 (1.80–4.20)	.014	1.24 (0.74–2.06)	.420			1.23 (0.70–2.19)	.478
Rx signs of infection	1.16 (0.98–1.39)	.091	-	-	0.77 (0.40–1.48)	.421			2.21 (1.14–4.30)	.025	-	-
Infection by S. pyogenes	3.10 (1.41–6.85)	.005	3.31 (1.41–7.77)	.006	0.60 (0.19–1.92)	.357			1.11 (0.45–2.78)	.821
Infection by virdidans streptococci	0.71 (0.32–1.57)	.401			1.60 (0.94–2.70)	.094	…	…	1.01 (0.51–1.98)	.987
Polymicrobial infection	0.95 (0.41–2.20)	.896			1.33 (0.71–2.47)	.385			1.23 (0.61–2.49)	.579
Time to debridement (>7 days)^a	0.96 (0.54–1.72)	.899			1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a	.050	1.70 (1.05–2.75)	.033	1.33 (0.80–2.20)	0.281
Exchange of polyethylene	0.56 (0.31–1.02)	.059	…	…	0.75 (0.46–1.21)	.234			0.45 (0.26–0.77)	.033	0.44 (0.26–0.76)	.003
Need for ≥2 debridements	1.16 (0.57–2.36)	.683			2.26 (1.63–4.36)	<.001	2.45 (1.45–4.15)	.001	0.60 (0.26–1.40)	.206
Antimicrobial therapy‡
Β-lactams (without rifampin)	…	…			1.41 (0.88–2.27)	.155			0.62 (0.37–1.03)	.061	0.48 (0.28–0.84)	.010
β-lactams + rifampin	…	…			0.89 (0.47–1.70)	.724			0.42 (0.18–0.98)	.025	0.34 (0.12–0.96)	.041
Quinolones + rifampin	…	…			0.19 (0.03–1.36)	.082	0.21 (0.03–1.54)	.125	1.03 (0.45–2.40)	.940
Glycopeptides without rifampin	…	…			3.97 (2.08–7.58)	<.001	2.82 (1.43–5.53)	.003	4.25 (1.32–13.7)	.015	…	…
Duration of therapy >120 days	…	…			…	…			0.54 (0.29–0.90)	.046	…	…

Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b

Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c

Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}

OR (95% CI)

aOR (95%CI)

HR (95%CI)

aHR (95% CI)

HR (95%CI)

aHR (95% CI)

Sex (female)

1.19 (0.68–2.10)

.540

0.50 (0.31–0.81)

.004

0.51 (0.30–0.85)

.009

1.16 (0.69–1.92)

.572

Age (per year)

1.03 (0.99–1.01)

.076

1.04 (1.00–1.07)

.027

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

.995

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

.348

Rheumatoid arthritis

2.98 (1.35–6.56)

.007

3.33 (1.40–7.93)

.007

2.95 (1.55–5.62)

.004

1.19 (0.37–3.81)

.772

Immunosuppressive therapy

1.49 (0.66–3.66)

.343

2.76 (1.56–4.89)

.002

2.64 (1.46–4.79)

.001

1.51 (0.65–3.51)

.363

Renal chronic disease

1.67 (0.73–3.81)

.223

1.99 (1.05–3.79)

.053

1.17 (0.47–2.91)

.746

Prosthesis location (knee)

1.04 (0.86–1.26)

.677

0.98 (0.83–1.14)

.753

1.18 (0.98–1.41)

.073

Revision prosthesis

1.53 (0.83–2.81)

.173

1.78 (1.09–2.91)

.027

1.77 (1.07–2.93)

.027

1.56 (0.90–2.70)

.129

Chronic post-surgical inf.^e

1.212 (0.97–1.23)

.091

1.41 (1.10–1.81)

.007

1.12 (0.92–1.37)

.256

1.47 (1.22–1.77)

<.001

2.24 (1.24–4.05)

.008

Sinus tract

0.75 (0.31–1.84)

.529

1.05 (0.54–2.06)

.881

1.61 (0.84–3.11)

.175

Bacteremia

2.17 (1.20–3.92)

.011

2.23 (1.80–4.20)

.014

1.24 (0.74–2.06)

.420

1.23 (0.70–2.19)

.478

Rx signs of infection

1.16 (0.98–1.39)

.091

0.77 (0.40–1.48)

.421

2.21 (1.14–4.30)

.025

Infection by S. pyogenes

3.10 (1.41–6.85)

.005

3.31 (1.41–7.77)

.006

0.60 (0.19–1.92)

.357

1.11 (0.45–2.78)

.821

Infection by virdidans streptococci

0.71 (0.32–1.57)

.401

1.60 (0.94–2.70)

.094

…

1.01 (0.51–1.98)

.987

Polymicrobial infection

0.95 (0.41–2.20)

.896

1.33 (0.71–2.47)

.385

1.23 (0.61–2.49)

.579

Time to debridement (>7 days)^a

0.96 (0.54–1.72)

.899

1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a

.050

1.70 (1.05–2.75)

.033

1.33 (0.80–2.20)

0.281

Exchange of polyethylene

0.56 (0.31–1.02)

.059

…

0.75 (0.46–1.21)

.234

0.45 (0.26–0.77)

.033

0.44 (0.26–0.76)

.003

Need for ≥2 debridements

1.16 (0.57–2.36)

.683

2.26 (1.63–4.36)

<.001

2.45 (1.45–4.15)

.001

0.60 (0.26–1.40)

.206

Antimicrobial therapy‡

Β-lactams (without rifampin)

…

1.41 (0.88–2.27)

.155

0.62 (0.37–1.03)

.061

0.48 (0.28–0.84)

.010

β-lactams + rifampin

…

0.89 (0.47–1.70)

.724

0.42 (0.18–0.98)

.025

0.34 (0.12–0.96)

.041

Quinolones + rifampin

…

0.19 (0.03–1.36)

.082

0.21 (0.03–1.54)

.125

1.03 (0.45–2.40)

.940

Glycopeptides without rifampin

…

3.97 (2.08–7.58)

<.001

2.82 (1.43–5.53)

.003

4.25 (1.32–13.7)

.015

…

Duration of therapy >120 days

…

0.54 (0.29–0.90)

.046

…

	Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b	Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c	Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}
Sex (female)	1.19 (0.68–2.10)	.540			0.50 (0.31–0.81)	.004	0.51 (0.30–0.85)	.009	1.16 (0.69–1.92)	.572
Age (per year)	1.03 (0.99–1.01)	.076	1.04 (1.00–1.07)	.027	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	.995			0.99 (0.97–1.01)	.348
Rheumatoid arthritis	2.98 (1.35–6.56)	.007	3.33 (1.40–7.93)	.007	2.95 (1.55–5.62)	.004	-	-	1.19 (0.37–3.81)	.772
Immunosuppressive therapy	1.49 (0.66–3.66)	.343			2.76 (1.56–4.89)	.002	2.64 (1.46–4.79)	.001	1.51 (0.65–3.51)	.363
Renal chronic disease	1.67 (0.73–3.81)	.223			1.99 (1.05–3.79)	.053	-	-	1.17 (0.47–2.91)	.746
Prosthesis location (knee)	1.04 (0.86–1.26)	.677			0.98 (0.83–1.14)	.753			1.18 (0.98–1.41)	.073	-	-
Revision prosthesis	1.53 (0.83–2.81)	.173			1.78 (1.09–2.91)	.027	1.77 (1.07–2.93)	.027	1.56 (0.90–2.70)	.129
Chronic post-surgical inf.^e	1.212 (0.97–1.23)	.091	1.41 (1.10–1.81)	.007	1.12 (0.92–1.37)	.256			1.47 (1.22–1.77)	<.001	2.24 (1.24–4.05)	.008
Sinus tract	0.75 (0.31–1.84)	.529			1.05 (0.54–2.06)	.881			1.61 (0.84–3.11)	.175
Bacteremia	2.17 (1.20–3.92)	.011	2.23 (1.80–4.20)	.014	1.24 (0.74–2.06)	.420			1.23 (0.70–2.19)	.478
Rx signs of infection	1.16 (0.98–1.39)	.091	-	-	0.77 (0.40–1.48)	.421			2.21 (1.14–4.30)	.025	-	-
Infection by S. pyogenes	3.10 (1.41–6.85)	.005	3.31 (1.41–7.77)	.006	0.60 (0.19–1.92)	.357			1.11 (0.45–2.78)	.821
Infection by virdidans streptococci	0.71 (0.32–1.57)	.401			1.60 (0.94–2.70)	.094	…	…	1.01 (0.51–1.98)	.987
Polymicrobial infection	0.95 (0.41–2.20)	.896			1.33 (0.71–2.47)	.385			1.23 (0.61–2.49)	.579
Time to debridement (>7 days)^a	0.96 (0.54–1.72)	.899			1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a	.050	1.70 (1.05–2.75)	.033	1.33 (0.80–2.20)	0.281
Exchange of polyethylene	0.56 (0.31–1.02)	.059	…	…	0.75 (0.46–1.21)	.234			0.45 (0.26–0.77)	.033	0.44 (0.26–0.76)	.003
Need for ≥2 debridements	1.16 (0.57–2.36)	.683			2.26 (1.63–4.36)	<.001	2.45 (1.45–4.15)	.001	0.60 (0.26–1.40)	.206
Antimicrobial therapy‡
Β-lactams (without rifampin)	…	…			1.41 (0.88–2.27)	.155			0.62 (0.37–1.03)	.061	0.48 (0.28–0.84)	.010
β-lactams + rifampin	…	…			0.89 (0.47–1.70)	.724			0.42 (0.18–0.98)	.025	0.34 (0.12–0.96)	.041
Quinolones + rifampin	…	…			0.19 (0.03–1.36)	.082	0.21 (0.03–1.54)	.125	1.03 (0.45–2.40)	.940
Glycopeptides without rifampin	…	…			3.97 (2.08–7.58)	<.001	2.82 (1.43–5.53)	.003	4.25 (1.32–13.7)	.015	…	…
Duration of therapy >120 days	…	…			…	…			0.54 (0.29–0.90)	.046	…	…

Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b

Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c

Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}

OR (95% CI)

aOR (95%CI)

HR (95%CI)

aHR (95% CI)

HR (95%CI)

aHR (95% CI)

Sex (female)

1.19 (0.68–2.10)

.540

0.50 (0.31–0.81)

.004

0.51 (0.30–0.85)

.009

1.16 (0.69–1.92)

.572

Age (per year)

1.03 (0.99–1.01)

.076

1.04 (1.00–1.07)

.027

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

.995

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

.348

Rheumatoid arthritis

2.98 (1.35–6.56)

.007

3.33 (1.40–7.93)

.007

2.95 (1.55–5.62)

.004

1.19 (0.37–3.81)

.772

Immunosuppressive therapy

1.49 (0.66–3.66)

.343

2.76 (1.56–4.89)

.002

2.64 (1.46–4.79)

.001

1.51 (0.65–3.51)

.363

Renal chronic disease

1.67 (0.73–3.81)

.223

1.99 (1.05–3.79)

.053

1.17 (0.47–2.91)

.746

Prosthesis location (knee)

1.04 (0.86–1.26)

.677

0.98 (0.83–1.14)

.753

1.18 (0.98–1.41)

.073

Revision prosthesis

1.53 (0.83–2.81)

.173

1.78 (1.09–2.91)

.027

1.77 (1.07–2.93)

.027

1.56 (0.90–2.70)

.129

Chronic post-surgical inf.^e

1.212 (0.97–1.23)

.091

1.41 (1.10–1.81)

.007

1.12 (0.92–1.37)

.256

1.47 (1.22–1.77)

<.001

2.24 (1.24–4.05)

.008

Sinus tract

0.75 (0.31–1.84)

.529

1.05 (0.54–2.06)

.881

1.61 (0.84–3.11)

.175

Bacteremia

2.17 (1.20–3.92)

.011

2.23 (1.80–4.20)

.014

1.24 (0.74–2.06)

.420

1.23 (0.70–2.19)

.478

Rx signs of infection

1.16 (0.98–1.39)

.091

0.77 (0.40–1.48)

.421

2.21 (1.14–4.30)

.025

Infection by S. pyogenes

3.10 (1.41–6.85)

.005

3.31 (1.41–7.77)

.006

0.60 (0.19–1.92)

.357

1.11 (0.45–2.78)

.821

Infection by virdidans streptococci

0.71 (0.32–1.57)

.401

1.60 (0.94–2.70)

.094

…

1.01 (0.51–1.98)

.987

Polymicrobial infection

0.95 (0.41–2.20)

.896

1.33 (0.71–2.47)

.385

1.23 (0.61–2.49)

.579

Time to debridement (>7 days)^a

0.96 (0.54–1.72)

.899

1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a

.050

1.70 (1.05–2.75)

.033

1.33 (0.80–2.20)

0.281

Exchange of polyethylene

0.56 (0.31–1.02)

.059

…

0.75 (0.46–1.21)

.234

0.45 (0.26–0.77)

.033

0.44 (0.26–0.76)

.003

Need for ≥2 debridements

1.16 (0.57–2.36)

.683

2.26 (1.63–4.36)

<.001

2.45 (1.45–4.15)

.001

0.60 (0.26–1.40)

.206

Antimicrobial therapy‡

Β-lactams (without rifampin)

…

1.41 (0.88–2.27)

.155

0.62 (0.37–1.03)

.061

0.48 (0.28–0.84)

.010

β-lactams + rifampin

…

0.89 (0.47–1.70)

.724

0.42 (0.18–0.98)

.025

0.34 (0.12–0.96)

.041

Quinolones + rifampin

…

0.19 (0.03–1.36)

.082

0.21 (0.03–1.54)

.125

1.03 (0.45–2.40)

.940

Glycopeptides without rifampin

…

3.97 (2.08–7.58)

<.001

2.82 (1.43–5.53)

.003

4.25 (1.32–13.7)

.015

…

Duration of therapy >120 days

…

0.54 (0.29–0.90)

.046

…

Table 4.

Open in new tab

Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Parameters Predicting Early Failure, Late Failure and Failure After Therapy

	Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b				Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c				Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}
	OR (95% CI)	P	aOR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	aHR (95% CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	aHR (95% CI)	P
Sex (female)	1.19 (0.68–2.10)	.540			0.50 (0.31–0.81)	.004	0.51 (0.30–0.85)	.009	1.16 (0.69–1.92)	.572
Age (per year)	1.03 (0.99–1.01)	.076	1.04 (1.00–1.07)	.027	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	.995			0.99 (0.97–1.01)	.348
Rheumatoid arthritis	2.98 (1.35–6.56)	.007	3.33 (1.40–7.93)	.007	2.95 (1.55–5.62)	.004	-	-	1.19 (0.37–3.81)	.772
Immunosuppressive therapy	1.49 (0.66–3.66)	.343			2.76 (1.56–4.89)	.002	2.64 (1.46–4.79)	.001	1.51 (0.65–3.51)	.363
Renal chronic disease	1.67 (0.73–3.81)	.223			1.99 (1.05–3.79)	.053	-	-	1.17 (0.47–2.91)	.746
Prosthesis location (knee)	1.04 (0.86–1.26)	.677			0.98 (0.83–1.14)	.753			1.18 (0.98–1.41)	.073	-	-
Revision prosthesis	1.53 (0.83–2.81)	.173			1.78 (1.09–2.91)	.027	1.77 (1.07–2.93)	.027	1.56 (0.90–2.70)	.129
Chronic post-surgical inf.^e	1.212 (0.97–1.23)	.091	1.41 (1.10–1.81)	.007	1.12 (0.92–1.37)	.256			1.47 (1.22–1.77)	<.001	2.24 (1.24–4.05)	.008
Sinus tract	0.75 (0.31–1.84)	.529			1.05 (0.54–2.06)	.881			1.61 (0.84–3.11)	.175
Bacteremia	2.17 (1.20–3.92)	.011	2.23 (1.80–4.20)	.014	1.24 (0.74–2.06)	.420			1.23 (0.70–2.19)	.478
Rx signs of infection	1.16 (0.98–1.39)	.091	-	-	0.77 (0.40–1.48)	.421			2.21 (1.14–4.30)	.025	-	-
Infection by S. pyogenes	3.10 (1.41–6.85)	.005	3.31 (1.41–7.77)	.006	0.60 (0.19–1.92)	.357			1.11 (0.45–2.78)	.821
Infection by virdidans streptococci	0.71 (0.32–1.57)	.401			1.60 (0.94–2.70)	.094	…	…	1.01 (0.51–1.98)	.987
Polymicrobial infection	0.95 (0.41–2.20)	.896			1.33 (0.71–2.47)	.385			1.23 (0.61–2.49)	.579
Time to debridement (>7 days)^a	0.96 (0.54–1.72)	.899			1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a	.050	1.70 (1.05–2.75)	.033	1.33 (0.80–2.20)	0.281
Exchange of polyethylene	0.56 (0.31–1.02)	.059	…	…	0.75 (0.46–1.21)	.234			0.45 (0.26–0.77)	.033	0.44 (0.26–0.76)	.003
Need for ≥2 debridements	1.16 (0.57–2.36)	.683			2.26 (1.63–4.36)	<.001	2.45 (1.45–4.15)	.001	0.60 (0.26–1.40)	.206
Antimicrobial therapy‡
Β-lactams (without rifampin)	…	…			1.41 (0.88–2.27)	.155			0.62 (0.37–1.03)	.061	0.48 (0.28–0.84)	.010
β-lactams + rifampin	…	…			0.89 (0.47–1.70)	.724			0.42 (0.18–0.98)	.025	0.34 (0.12–0.96)	.041
Quinolones + rifampin	…	…			0.19 (0.03–1.36)	.082	0.21 (0.03–1.54)	.125	1.03 (0.45–2.40)	.940
Glycopeptides without rifampin	…	…			3.97 (2.08–7.58)	<.001	2.82 (1.43–5.53)	.003	4.25 (1.32–13.7)	.015	…	…
Duration of therapy >120 days	…	…			…	…			0.54 (0.29–0.90)	.046	…	…

	Early Failure (n = 444, 55 Failures)^b				Late Failure (n = 389, 71 Failures)^c				Failure After Therapy (N = 318, 61 Failures)^{^d}
	OR (95% CI)	P	aOR (95%CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	aHR (95% CI)	P	HR (95%CI)	P	aHR (95% CI)	P
Sex (female)	1.19 (0.68–2.10)	.540			0.50 (0.31–0.81)	.004	0.51 (0.30–0.85)	.009	1.16 (0.69–1.92)	.572
Age (per year)	1.03 (0.99–1.01)	.076	1.04 (1.00–1.07)	.027	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	.995			0.99 (0.97–1.01)	.348
Rheumatoid arthritis	2.98 (1.35–6.56)	.007	3.33 (1.40–7.93)	.007	2.95 (1.55–5.62)	.004	-	-	1.19 (0.37–3.81)	.772
Immunosuppressive therapy	1.49 (0.66–3.66)	.343			2.76 (1.56–4.89)	.002	2.64 (1.46–4.79)	.001	1.51 (0.65–3.51)	.363
Renal chronic disease	1.67 (0.73–3.81)	.223			1.99 (1.05–3.79)	.053	-	-	1.17 (0.47–2.91)	.746
Prosthesis location (knee)	1.04 (0.86–1.26)	.677			0.98 (0.83–1.14)	.753			1.18 (0.98–1.41)	.073	-	-
Revision prosthesis	1.53 (0.83–2.81)	.173			1.78 (1.09–2.91)	.027	1.77 (1.07–2.93)	.027	1.56 (0.90–2.70)	.129
Chronic post-surgical inf.^e	1.212 (0.97–1.23)	.091	1.41 (1.10–1.81)	.007	1.12 (0.92–1.37)	.256			1.47 (1.22–1.77)	<.001	2.24 (1.24–4.05)	.008
Sinus tract	0.75 (0.31–1.84)	.529			1.05 (0.54–2.06)	.881			1.61 (0.84–3.11)	.175
Bacteremia	2.17 (1.20–3.92)	.011	2.23 (1.80–4.20)	.014	1.24 (0.74–2.06)	.420			1.23 (0.70–2.19)	.478
Rx signs of infection	1.16 (0.98–1.39)	.091	-	-	0.77 (0.40–1.48)	.421			2.21 (1.14–4.30)	.025	-	-
Infection by S. pyogenes	3.10 (1.41–6.85)	.005	3.31 (1.41–7.77)	.006	0.60 (0.19–1.92)	.357			1.11 (0.45–2.78)	.821
Infection by virdidans streptococci	0.71 (0.32–1.57)	.401			1.60 (0.94–2.70)	.094	…	…	1.01 (0.51–1.98)	.987
Polymicrobial infection	0.95 (0.41–2.20)	.896			1.33 (0.71–2.47)	.385			1.23 (0.61–2.49)	.579
Time to debridement (>7 days)^a	0.96 (0.54–1.72)	.899			1.60 (1.00–2.54)^a	.050	1.70 (1.05–2.75)	.033	1.33 (0.80–2.20)	0.281
Exchange of polyethylene	0.56 (0.31–1.02)	.059	…	…	0.75 (0.46–1.21)	.234			0.45 (0.26–0.77)	.033	0.44 (0.26–0.76)	.003
Need for ≥2 debridements	1.16 (0.57–2.36)	.683			2.26 (1.63–4.36)	<.001	2.45 (1.45–4.15)	.001	0.60 (0.26–1.40)	.206
Antimicrobial therapy‡
Β-lactams (without rifampin)	…	…			1.41 (0.88–2.27)	.155			0.62 (0.37–1.03)	.061	0.48 (0.28–0.84)	.010
β-lactams + rifampin	…	…			0.89 (0.47–1.70)	.724			0.42 (0.18–0.98)	.025	0.34 (0.12–0.96)	.041
Quinolones + rifampin	…	…			0.19 (0.03–1.36)	.082	0.21 (0.03–1.54)	.125	1.03 (0.45–2.40)	.940
Glycopeptides without rifampin	…	…			3.97 (2.08–7.58)	<.001	2.82 (1.43–5.53)	.003	4.25 (1.32–13.7)	.015	…	…
Duration of therapy >120 days	…	…			…	…			0.54 (0.29–0.90)	.046	…	…

Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio.

^aTime to debridement: time from onset of symptoms to the first surgical debridement. Initial models of multivariate analyses were built with variables with a P value < .10 in the univariate analysis and then selected with a stepwise backward process.

^bEarly Failure: the initial multivariate model included age, rheumatoid arthritis, late post-surgical infections, Rx signs of infection, infection by S. pyogenes, and bacteremia.

^cLate Failure: the initial multivariate model included sex, rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppressant therapy, chronic renal disease, infection by S. viridians, time to debridement, need for ≥2 debridements, treatment with quinolones plus rifampin, and treatment with glycopeptides without rifampin.

^dFailure After Therapy: the initial multivariate model included prosthesis location, late post-surgical infection, Rx signs of infection, exchange of removable components (i.e., polyethylene liner), treatment with beta-lactams (without rifampin), treatment with beta-lactams plus rifampin, and treatment with glycopeptides without rifampin.

^e Non-hematogenous infection with symptoms beginning beyond 90 days after the prosthesis placement.

‡Treatments included in the analysis of Late Failure are those received during the first 30 days after debridement and are considered if they were administered for at least 15 days; treatments included in the analysis of Failure After Therapy are those received during the whole period of treatment, both orally and intravenously, and are considered if they were administered for at least 22 days.

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