Table 1: Open in new tab Baseline...

Characteristics	Overall series	PS-matched pairs
Age, years	69.2 ± 9.3	69.3 ± 10.2	0.95	69.3 ± 9.7	68.3 ± 10.7	0.51
>75	109 (31.6)	39 (33.3)	0.73	30 (30.6)	31 (31.6)	0.89
Female gender	180 (52.2)	61 (52.1)	1	60 (61.2)	52 (53.1)	0.25
BMI, kg/m²	25.4 ± 4.3	24.7 ± 4.4	0.14	24.8 ± 4.3	24.6 ± 4.6	0.82
>30	50 (14.5)	13 (11.1)	0.36	16 (16.3)	11 (11.2)	0.3
Diabetes on insulin	19 (5.5)	5 (4.3)	0.6	2 (2)	3 (3.1)	1
Serum haemoglobin, g/l	13 ± 1.8	12.5 ± 1.8	0.0032	12.7 ± 1.8	12.7 ± 1.8	0.99
<11	43 (12.5)	25 (21.4)	0.019	18 (18.4)	16 (16.3)	0.71
Chronic lung disease^c	37 (10.7)	11 (9.4)	0.69	10 (10.2)	9 (9.2)	0.81
GFR, ml/min^d	61.9 ± 25.1	58.4 ± 25.1	<0.0001	59.6 ± 24.5	58.7 ± 25	0.79
50–85^c	185 (53.6)	64 (54.7)	0.84	47 (48)	54 (55.1)	0.32
<50^c	112 (32.5)	38 (32.5)	1	34 (34.7)	32 (32.7)	0.76
Chronic dialysis	8 (2.3)	4 (3.4)	0.74	1 (1)	2 (2)	1
Extracardiac arteriopathy^c	38 (11)	23 (19.7)	0.017	13 (13.3)	15 (15.3)	0.68
Poor mobility^c	0	1 (0.9)	0.25	0	0	–
Atrial fibrillation	110 (31.9)	30 (25.6)	0.2	30 (30.6)	28 (28.6)	0.75
Permanent pacemaker	4 (1.2)	1 (0.9)	0.63	2 (2)	1 (1)	1
Congestive heart failure	206 (59.7)	90 (76.9)	0.0008	76 (77.6)	73 (74.5)	0.62
Signs of right heart failure
Jugular venous distension	100 (29)	22 (18.8)	0.031	26 (26.5)	21 (21.4)	0.4
Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver	77 (22.3)	20 (17.1)	0.23	22 (22.4)	17 (17.3)	0.37
Ascites/important peripheral oedema	9 (2.6)	6 (5.1)	0.22	4 (4.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Unstable angina	34 (9.9)	16 (13.7)	0.25	14 (14.3)	10 (10.2)	0.38
Recent myocardial infarction^b	15 (4.3)	4 (3.4)	0.79	3 (3.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Coronary artery disease	100 (29)	38 (32.5)	0.48	24 (24.5)	29 (29.6)	0.42
LV ejection fraction, %	55.2 ± 12.3	56.4 ± 12.4	<0.0001	55.2 ± 12.7	56.1 ± 13	0.62
30–50^c	91 (26.4)	24 (20.5)	0.2	21 (21.4)	20 (20.4)	0.86
≤30^c	16 (4.6)	5 (4.3)	0.86	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
RV fractional area change, %	38.3 ± 9.9	37.7 ± 9.9	0.57	38.2 ± 12.1	37.6 ± 9.5	0.7
<35	35 (10.1)	16 (12.8)	0.31	13 (13.3)	13 (13.3)	1
Pulmonary hypertension^e	77 (22.3)	29 (24.8)	0.58	34 (34.7)	25 (25.5)	0.16
TR severity
1+, mild	109 (31.6)	26 (22.2)	0.15	34 (34.7)	33 (33.7)	0.99
2+, moderate	153 (44.3)	60 (51.3)		43 (43.9)	44 (44.9)
3+, severe	83 (24.1)	31 (26.5)		21 (21.4)	21 (21.4)
Previous cardiac surgery	40 (11.6)	18 (15.4)	0.29	14 (14.3)	14 (14.3)	1
Active endocarditis^b	0	4 (3.4)	0.004	0	0	–
Critical state^c	15 (4.3)	10 (8.5)	0.083	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
Aortic disease	13 (3.7)	6 (5.1)	0.59	5 (5.1)	5 (5.1)	1
Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c	169 (49)	63 (53.8)	0.36	45 (45.9)	48 (49)	0.67
Surgical priority^c
Elective	253 (73.3)	71 (60.7)	0.027	60 (61.2)	65 (66.3)	0.75
Urgent	89 (25.8)	43 (36.8)		37 (37.8)	32 (32.7)
Emergency	3 (0.9)	2 (1.7)		1 (1)	1 (1)
Salvage	0	1 (0.9)		0	0
Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f	9.2 ± 10.8	12 ± 13.4	0.015	10.5 ± 11.5	9.9 ± 10.5	0.7

Characteristics

Overall series

PS-matched pairs

B-TVA
(N = 345)

R-TVA
(N = 117)

P-value

B-TVA
(N = 98)

R-TVA
(N = 98)

P-value

Age, years

69.2 ± 9.3

69.3 ± 10.2

0.95

69.3 ± 9.7

68.3 ± 10.7

0.51

>75

109 (31.6)

39 (33.3)

0.73

30 (30.6)

31 (31.6)

0.89

Female gender

180 (52.2)

61 (52.1)

60 (61.2)

52 (53.1)

0.25

BMI, kg/m²

25.4 ± 4.3

24.7 ± 4.4

0.14

24.8 ± 4.3

24.6 ± 4.6

0.82

>30

50 (14.5)

13 (11.1)

0.36

16 (16.3)

11 (11.2)

0.3

Diabetes on insulin

19 (5.5)

5 (4.3)

0.6

2 (2)

3 (3.1)

Serum haemoglobin, g/l

13 ± 1.8

12.5 ± 1.8

0.0032

12.7 ± 1.8

0.99

<11

43 (12.5)

25 (21.4)

0.019

18 (18.4)

16 (16.3)

0.71

Chronic lung disease^c

37 (10.7)

11 (9.4)

0.69

10 (10.2)

9 (9.2)

0.81

GFR, ml/min^d

61.9 ± 25.1

58.4 ± 25.1

<0.0001

59.6 ± 24.5

58.7 ± 25

0.79

50–85^c

185 (53.6)

64 (54.7)

0.84

47 (48)

54 (55.1)

0.32

<50^c

112 (32.5)

38 (32.5)

34 (34.7)

32 (32.7)

0.76

Chronic dialysis

8 (2.3)

4 (3.4)

0.74

1 (1)

2 (2)

Extracardiac arteriopathy^c

38 (11)

23 (19.7)

0.017

13 (13.3)

15 (15.3)

0.68

Poor mobility^c

1 (0.9)

0.25

–

Atrial fibrillation

110 (31.9)

30 (25.6)

0.2

30 (30.6)

28 (28.6)

0.75

Permanent pacemaker

4 (1.2)

1 (0.9)

0.63

2 (2)

1 (1)

Congestive heart failure

206 (59.7)

90 (76.9)

0.0008

76 (77.6)

73 (74.5)

0.62

Signs of right heart failure

Jugular venous distension

100 (29)

22 (18.8)

0.031

26 (26.5)

21 (21.4)

0.4

Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver

77 (22.3)

20 (17.1)

0.23

22 (22.4)

17 (17.3)

0.37

Ascites/important peripheral oedema

9 (2.6)

6 (5.1)

0.22

4 (4.1)

Unstable angina

34 (9.9)

16 (13.7)

0.25

14 (14.3)

10 (10.2)

0.38

Recent myocardial infarction^b

15 (4.3)

4 (3.4)

0.79

3 (3.1)

4 (4.1)

Coronary artery disease

100 (29)

38 (32.5)

0.48

24 (24.5)

29 (29.6)

0.42

LV ejection fraction, %

55.2 ± 12.3

56.4 ± 12.4

<0.0001

55.2 ± 12.7

56.1 ± 13

0.62

30–50^c

91 (26.4)

24 (20.5)

0.2

21 (21.4)

20 (20.4)

0.86

≤30^c

16 (4.6)

5 (4.3)

0.86

6 (6.1)

5 (5.1)

0.75

RV fractional area change, %

38.3 ± 9.9

37.7 ± 9.9

0.57

38.2 ± 12.1

37.6 ± 9.5

0.7

<35

35 (10.1)

16 (12.8)

0.31

13 (13.3)

Pulmonary hypertension^e

77 (22.3)

29 (24.8)

0.58

34 (34.7)

25 (25.5)

0.16

TR severity

1+, mild

109 (31.6)

26 (22.2)

0.15

34 (34.7)

33 (33.7)

0.99

2+, moderate

153 (44.3)

60 (51.3)

43 (43.9)

44 (44.9)

3+, severe

83 (24.1)

31 (26.5)

21 (21.4)

Previous cardiac surgery

40 (11.6)

18 (15.4)

0.29

14 (14.3)

Active endocarditis^b

4 (3.4)

0.004

–

Critical state^c

15 (4.3)

10 (8.5)

0.083

6 (6.1)

5 (5.1)

0.75

Aortic disease

13 (3.7)

6 (5.1)

0.59

5 (5.1)

Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c

169 (49)

63 (53.8)

0.36

45 (45.9)

48 (49)

0.67

Surgical priority^c

Elective

253 (73.3)

71 (60.7)

0.027

60 (61.2)

65 (66.3)

0.75

Urgent

89 (25.8)

43 (36.8)

37 (37.8)

32 (32.7)

Emergency

3 (0.9)

2 (1.7)

1 (1)

Salvage

1 (0.9)

Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f

9.2 ± 10.8

12 ± 13.4

0.015

10.5 ± 11.5

9.9 ± 10.5

0.7

Characteristics	Overall series	PS-matched pairs
Age, years	69.2 ± 9.3	69.3 ± 10.2	0.95	69.3 ± 9.7	68.3 ± 10.7	0.51
>75	109 (31.6)	39 (33.3)	0.73	30 (30.6)	31 (31.6)	0.89
Female gender	180 (52.2)	61 (52.1)	1	60 (61.2)	52 (53.1)	0.25
BMI, kg/m²	25.4 ± 4.3	24.7 ± 4.4	0.14	24.8 ± 4.3	24.6 ± 4.6	0.82
>30	50 (14.5)	13 (11.1)	0.36	16 (16.3)	11 (11.2)	0.3
Diabetes on insulin	19 (5.5)	5 (4.3)	0.6	2 (2)	3 (3.1)	1
Serum haemoglobin, g/l	13 ± 1.8	12.5 ± 1.8	0.0032	12.7 ± 1.8	12.7 ± 1.8	0.99
<11	43 (12.5)	25 (21.4)	0.019	18 (18.4)	16 (16.3)	0.71
Chronic lung disease^c	37 (10.7)	11 (9.4)	0.69	10 (10.2)	9 (9.2)	0.81
GFR, ml/min^d	61.9 ± 25.1	58.4 ± 25.1	<0.0001	59.6 ± 24.5	58.7 ± 25	0.79
50–85^c	185 (53.6)	64 (54.7)	0.84	47 (48)	54 (55.1)	0.32
<50^c	112 (32.5)	38 (32.5)	1	34 (34.7)	32 (32.7)	0.76
Chronic dialysis	8 (2.3)	4 (3.4)	0.74	1 (1)	2 (2)	1
Extracardiac arteriopathy^c	38 (11)	23 (19.7)	0.017	13 (13.3)	15 (15.3)	0.68
Poor mobility^c	0	1 (0.9)	0.25	0	0	–
Atrial fibrillation	110 (31.9)	30 (25.6)	0.2	30 (30.6)	28 (28.6)	0.75
Permanent pacemaker	4 (1.2)	1 (0.9)	0.63	2 (2)	1 (1)	1
Congestive heart failure	206 (59.7)	90 (76.9)	0.0008	76 (77.6)	73 (74.5)	0.62
Signs of right heart failure
Jugular venous distension	100 (29)	22 (18.8)	0.031	26 (26.5)	21 (21.4)	0.4
Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver	77 (22.3)	20 (17.1)	0.23	22 (22.4)	17 (17.3)	0.37
Ascites/important peripheral oedema	9 (2.6)	6 (5.1)	0.22	4 (4.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Unstable angina	34 (9.9)	16 (13.7)	0.25	14 (14.3)	10 (10.2)	0.38
Recent myocardial infarction^b	15 (4.3)	4 (3.4)	0.79	3 (3.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Coronary artery disease	100 (29)	38 (32.5)	0.48	24 (24.5)	29 (29.6)	0.42
LV ejection fraction, %	55.2 ± 12.3	56.4 ± 12.4	<0.0001	55.2 ± 12.7	56.1 ± 13	0.62
30–50^c	91 (26.4)	24 (20.5)	0.2	21 (21.4)	20 (20.4)	0.86
≤30^c	16 (4.6)	5 (4.3)	0.86	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
RV fractional area change, %	38.3 ± 9.9	37.7 ± 9.9	0.57	38.2 ± 12.1	37.6 ± 9.5	0.7
<35	35 (10.1)	16 (12.8)	0.31	13 (13.3)	13 (13.3)	1
Pulmonary hypertension^e	77 (22.3)	29 (24.8)	0.58	34 (34.7)	25 (25.5)	0.16
TR severity
1+, mild	109 (31.6)	26 (22.2)	0.15	34 (34.7)	33 (33.7)	0.99
2+, moderate	153 (44.3)	60 (51.3)		43 (43.9)	44 (44.9)
3+, severe	83 (24.1)	31 (26.5)		21 (21.4)	21 (21.4)
Previous cardiac surgery	40 (11.6)	18 (15.4)	0.29	14 (14.3)	14 (14.3)	1
Active endocarditis^b	0	4 (3.4)	0.004	0	0	–
Critical state^c	15 (4.3)	10 (8.5)	0.083	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
Aortic disease	13 (3.7)	6 (5.1)	0.59	5 (5.1)	5 (5.1)	1
Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c	169 (49)	63 (53.8)	0.36	45 (45.9)	48 (49)	0.67
Surgical priority^c
Elective	253 (73.3)	71 (60.7)	0.027	60 (61.2)	65 (66.3)	0.75
Urgent	89 (25.8)	43 (36.8)		37 (37.8)	32 (32.7)
Emergency	3 (0.9)	2 (1.7)		1 (1)	1 (1)
Salvage	0	1 (0.9)		0	0
Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f	9.2 ± 10.8	12 ± 13.4	0.015	10.5 ± 11.5	9.9 ± 10.5	0.7

Characteristics

Overall series

PS-matched pairs

B-TVA
(N = 345)

R-TVA
(N = 117)

P-value

B-TVA
(N = 98)

R-TVA
(N = 98)

P-value

Age, years

69.2 ± 9.3

69.3 ± 10.2

0.95

69.3 ± 9.7

68.3 ± 10.7

0.51

>75

109 (31.6)

39 (33.3)

0.73

30 (30.6)

31 (31.6)

0.89

Female gender

180 (52.2)

61 (52.1)

60 (61.2)

52 (53.1)

0.25

BMI, kg/m²

25.4 ± 4.3

24.7 ± 4.4

0.14

24.8 ± 4.3

24.6 ± 4.6

0.82

>30

50 (14.5)

13 (11.1)

0.36

16 (16.3)

11 (11.2)

0.3

Diabetes on insulin

19 (5.5)

5 (4.3)

0.6

2 (2)

3 (3.1)

Serum haemoglobin, g/l

13 ± 1.8

12.5 ± 1.8

0.0032

12.7 ± 1.8

0.99

<11

43 (12.5)

25 (21.4)

0.019

18 (18.4)

16 (16.3)

0.71

Chronic lung disease^c

37 (10.7)

11 (9.4)

0.69

10 (10.2)

9 (9.2)

0.81

GFR, ml/min^d

61.9 ± 25.1

58.4 ± 25.1

<0.0001

59.6 ± 24.5

58.7 ± 25

0.79

50–85^c

185 (53.6)

64 (54.7)

0.84

47 (48)

54 (55.1)

0.32

<50^c

112 (32.5)

38 (32.5)

34 (34.7)

32 (32.7)

0.76

Chronic dialysis

8 (2.3)

4 (3.4)

0.74

1 (1)

2 (2)

Extracardiac arteriopathy^c

38 (11)

23 (19.7)

0.017

13 (13.3)

15 (15.3)

0.68

Poor mobility^c

1 (0.9)

0.25

–

Atrial fibrillation

110 (31.9)

30 (25.6)

0.2

30 (30.6)

28 (28.6)

0.75

Permanent pacemaker

4 (1.2)

1 (0.9)

0.63

2 (2)

1 (1)

Congestive heart failure

206 (59.7)

90 (76.9)

0.0008

76 (77.6)

73 (74.5)

0.62

Signs of right heart failure

Jugular venous distension

100 (29)

22 (18.8)

0.031

26 (26.5)

21 (21.4)

0.4

Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver

77 (22.3)

20 (17.1)

0.23

22 (22.4)

17 (17.3)

0.37

Ascites/important peripheral oedema

9 (2.6)

6 (5.1)

0.22

4 (4.1)

Unstable angina

34 (9.9)

16 (13.7)

0.25

14 (14.3)

10 (10.2)

0.38

Recent myocardial infarction^b

15 (4.3)

4 (3.4)

0.79

3 (3.1)

4 (4.1)

Coronary artery disease

100 (29)

38 (32.5)

0.48

24 (24.5)

29 (29.6)

0.42

LV ejection fraction, %

55.2 ± 12.3

56.4 ± 12.4

<0.0001

55.2 ± 12.7

56.1 ± 13

0.62

30–50^c

91 (26.4)

24 (20.5)

0.2

21 (21.4)

20 (20.4)

0.86

≤30^c

16 (4.6)

5 (4.3)

0.86

6 (6.1)

5 (5.1)

0.75

RV fractional area change, %

38.3 ± 9.9

37.7 ± 9.9

0.57

38.2 ± 12.1

37.6 ± 9.5

0.7

<35

35 (10.1)

16 (12.8)

0.31

13 (13.3)

Pulmonary hypertension^e

77 (22.3)

29 (24.8)

0.58

34 (34.7)

25 (25.5)

0.16

TR severity

1+, mild

109 (31.6)

26 (22.2)

0.15

34 (34.7)

33 (33.7)

0.99

2+, moderate

153 (44.3)

60 (51.3)

43 (43.9)

44 (44.9)

3+, severe

83 (24.1)

31 (26.5)

21 (21.4)

Previous cardiac surgery

40 (11.6)

18 (15.4)

0.29

14 (14.3)

Active endocarditis^b

4 (3.4)

0.004

–

Critical state^c

15 (4.3)

10 (8.5)

0.083

6 (6.1)

5 (5.1)

0.75

Aortic disease

13 (3.7)

6 (5.1)

0.59

5 (5.1)

Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c

169 (49)

63 (53.8)

0.36

45 (45.9)

48 (49)

0.67

Surgical priority^c

Elective

253 (73.3)

71 (60.7)

0.027

60 (61.2)

65 (66.3)

0.75

Urgent

89 (25.8)

43 (36.8)

37 (37.8)

32 (32.7)

Emergency

3 (0.9)

2 (1.7)

1 (1)

Salvage

1 (0.9)

Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f

9.2 ± 10.8

12 ± 13.4

0.015

10.5 ± 11.5

9.9 ± 10.5

0.7

Table 1:

Open in new tab

Baseline characteristics and risk profiles of patients (N = 462)^a,^b

Characteristics	Overall series			PS-matched pairs
Characteristics	B-TVA (N = 345)	R-TVA (N = 117)	P-value	B-TVA (N = 98)	R-TVA (N = 98)	P-value
Age, years	69.2 ± 9.3	69.3 ± 10.2	0.95	69.3 ± 9.7	68.3 ± 10.7	0.51
>75	109 (31.6)	39 (33.3)	0.73	30 (30.6)	31 (31.6)	0.89
Female gender	180 (52.2)	61 (52.1)	1	60 (61.2)	52 (53.1)	0.25
BMI, kg/m²	25.4 ± 4.3	24.7 ± 4.4	0.14	24.8 ± 4.3	24.6 ± 4.6	0.82
>30	50 (14.5)	13 (11.1)	0.36	16 (16.3)	11 (11.2)	0.3
Diabetes on insulin	19 (5.5)	5 (4.3)	0.6	2 (2)	3 (3.1)	1
Serum haemoglobin, g/l	13 ± 1.8	12.5 ± 1.8	0.0032	12.7 ± 1.8	12.7 ± 1.8	0.99
<11	43 (12.5)	25 (21.4)	0.019	18 (18.4)	16 (16.3)	0.71
Chronic lung disease^c	37 (10.7)	11 (9.4)	0.69	10 (10.2)	9 (9.2)	0.81
GFR, ml/min^d	61.9 ± 25.1	58.4 ± 25.1	<0.0001	59.6 ± 24.5	58.7 ± 25	0.79
50–85^c	185 (53.6)	64 (54.7)	0.84	47 (48)	54 (55.1)	0.32
<50^c	112 (32.5)	38 (32.5)	1	34 (34.7)	32 (32.7)	0.76
Chronic dialysis	8 (2.3)	4 (3.4)	0.74	1 (1)	2 (2)	1
Extracardiac arteriopathy^c	38 (11)	23 (19.7)	0.017	13 (13.3)	15 (15.3)	0.68
Poor mobility^c	0	1 (0.9)	0.25	0	0	–
Atrial fibrillation	110 (31.9)	30 (25.6)	0.2	30 (30.6)	28 (28.6)	0.75
Permanent pacemaker	4 (1.2)	1 (0.9)	0.63	2 (2)	1 (1)	1
Congestive heart failure	206 (59.7)	90 (76.9)	0.0008	76 (77.6)	73 (74.5)	0.62
Signs of right heart failure
Jugular venous distension	100 (29)	22 (18.8)	0.031	26 (26.5)	21 (21.4)	0.4
Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver	77 (22.3)	20 (17.1)	0.23	22 (22.4)	17 (17.3)	0.37
Ascites/important peripheral oedema	9 (2.6)	6 (5.1)	0.22	4 (4.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Unstable angina	34 (9.9)	16 (13.7)	0.25	14 (14.3)	10 (10.2)	0.38
Recent myocardial infarction^b	15 (4.3)	4 (3.4)	0.79	3 (3.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Coronary artery disease	100 (29)	38 (32.5)	0.48	24 (24.5)	29 (29.6)	0.42
LV ejection fraction, %	55.2 ± 12.3	56.4 ± 12.4	<0.0001	55.2 ± 12.7	56.1 ± 13	0.62
30–50^c	91 (26.4)	24 (20.5)	0.2	21 (21.4)	20 (20.4)	0.86
≤30^c	16 (4.6)	5 (4.3)	0.86	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
RV fractional area change, %	38.3 ± 9.9	37.7 ± 9.9	0.57	38.2 ± 12.1	37.6 ± 9.5	0.7
<35	35 (10.1)	16 (12.8)	0.31	13 (13.3)	13 (13.3)	1
Pulmonary hypertension^e	77 (22.3)	29 (24.8)	0.58	34 (34.7)	25 (25.5)	0.16
TR severity
1+, mild	109 (31.6)	26 (22.2)	0.15	34 (34.7)	33 (33.7)	0.99
2+, moderate	153 (44.3)	60 (51.3)		43 (43.9)	44 (44.9)
3+, severe	83 (24.1)	31 (26.5)		21 (21.4)	21 (21.4)
Previous cardiac surgery	40 (11.6)	18 (15.4)	0.29	14 (14.3)	14 (14.3)	1
Active endocarditis^b	0	4 (3.4)	0.004	0	0	–
Critical state^c	15 (4.3)	10 (8.5)	0.083	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
Aortic disease	13 (3.7)	6 (5.1)	0.59	5 (5.1)	5 (5.1)	1
Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c	169 (49)	63 (53.8)	0.36	45 (45.9)	48 (49)	0.67
Surgical priority^c
Elective	253 (73.3)	71 (60.7)	0.027	60 (61.2)	65 (66.3)	0.75
Urgent	89 (25.8)	43 (36.8)		37 (37.8)	32 (32.7)
Emergency	3 (0.9)	2 (1.7)		1 (1)	1 (1)
Salvage	0	1 (0.9)		0	0
Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f	9.2 ± 10.8	12 ± 13.4	0.015	10.5 ± 11.5	9.9 ± 10.5	0.7

Characteristics	Overall series			PS-matched pairs
Characteristics	B-TVA (N = 345)	R-TVA (N = 117)	P-value	B-TVA (N = 98)	R-TVA (N = 98)	P-value
Age, years	69.2 ± 9.3	69.3 ± 10.2	0.95	69.3 ± 9.7	68.3 ± 10.7	0.51
>75	109 (31.6)	39 (33.3)	0.73	30 (30.6)	31 (31.6)	0.89
Female gender	180 (52.2)	61 (52.1)	1	60 (61.2)	52 (53.1)	0.25
BMI, kg/m²	25.4 ± 4.3	24.7 ± 4.4	0.14	24.8 ± 4.3	24.6 ± 4.6	0.82
>30	50 (14.5)	13 (11.1)	0.36	16 (16.3)	11 (11.2)	0.3
Diabetes on insulin	19 (5.5)	5 (4.3)	0.6	2 (2)	3 (3.1)	1
Serum haemoglobin, g/l	13 ± 1.8	12.5 ± 1.8	0.0032	12.7 ± 1.8	12.7 ± 1.8	0.99
<11	43 (12.5)	25 (21.4)	0.019	18 (18.4)	16 (16.3)	0.71
Chronic lung disease^c	37 (10.7)	11 (9.4)	0.69	10 (10.2)	9 (9.2)	0.81
GFR, ml/min^d	61.9 ± 25.1	58.4 ± 25.1	<0.0001	59.6 ± 24.5	58.7 ± 25	0.79
50–85^c	185 (53.6)	64 (54.7)	0.84	47 (48)	54 (55.1)	0.32
<50^c	112 (32.5)	38 (32.5)	1	34 (34.7)	32 (32.7)	0.76
Chronic dialysis	8 (2.3)	4 (3.4)	0.74	1 (1)	2 (2)	1
Extracardiac arteriopathy^c	38 (11)	23 (19.7)	0.017	13 (13.3)	15 (15.3)	0.68
Poor mobility^c	0	1 (0.9)	0.25	0	0	–
Atrial fibrillation	110 (31.9)	30 (25.6)	0.2	30 (30.6)	28 (28.6)	0.75
Permanent pacemaker	4 (1.2)	1 (0.9)	0.63	2 (2)	1 (1)	1
Congestive heart failure	206 (59.7)	90 (76.9)	0.0008	76 (77.6)	73 (74.5)	0.62
Signs of right heart failure
Jugular venous distension	100 (29)	22 (18.8)	0.031	26 (26.5)	21 (21.4)	0.4
Palpable hepatomegaly/pulsatile liver	77 (22.3)	20 (17.1)	0.23	22 (22.4)	17 (17.3)	0.37
Ascites/important peripheral oedema	9 (2.6)	6 (5.1)	0.22	4 (4.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Unstable angina	34 (9.9)	16 (13.7)	0.25	14 (14.3)	10 (10.2)	0.38
Recent myocardial infarction^b	15 (4.3)	4 (3.4)	0.79	3 (3.1)	4 (4.1)	1
Coronary artery disease	100 (29)	38 (32.5)	0.48	24 (24.5)	29 (29.6)	0.42
LV ejection fraction, %	55.2 ± 12.3	56.4 ± 12.4	<0.0001	55.2 ± 12.7	56.1 ± 13	0.62
30–50^c	91 (26.4)	24 (20.5)	0.2	21 (21.4)	20 (20.4)	0.86
≤30^c	16 (4.6)	5 (4.3)	0.86	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
RV fractional area change, %	38.3 ± 9.9	37.7 ± 9.9	0.57	38.2 ± 12.1	37.6 ± 9.5	0.7
<35	35 (10.1)	16 (12.8)	0.31	13 (13.3)	13 (13.3)	1
Pulmonary hypertension^e	77 (22.3)	29 (24.8)	0.58	34 (34.7)	25 (25.5)	0.16
TR severity
1+, mild	109 (31.6)	26 (22.2)	0.15	34 (34.7)	33 (33.7)	0.99
2+, moderate	153 (44.3)	60 (51.3)		43 (43.9)	44 (44.9)
3+, severe	83 (24.1)	31 (26.5)		21 (21.4)	21 (21.4)
Previous cardiac surgery	40 (11.6)	18 (15.4)	0.29	14 (14.3)	14 (14.3)	1
Active endocarditis^b	0	4 (3.4)	0.004	0	0	–
Critical state^c	15 (4.3)	10 (8.5)	0.083	6 (6.1)	5 (5.1)	0.75
Aortic disease	13 (3.7)	6 (5.1)	0.59	5 (5.1)	5 (5.1)	1
Surgical procedures, 3 or more^c	169 (49)	63 (53.8)	0.36	45 (45.9)	48 (49)	0.67
Surgical priority^c
Elective	253 (73.3)	71 (60.7)	0.027	60 (61.2)	65 (66.3)	0.75
Urgent	89 (25.8)	43 (36.8)		37 (37.8)	32 (32.7)
Emergency	3 (0.9)	2 (1.7)		1 (1)	1 (1)
Salvage	0	1 (0.9)		0	0
Expected operative risk (by EuroSCORE II), %^f	9.2 ± 10.8	12 ± 13.4	0.015	10.5 ± 11.5	9.9 ± 10.5	0.7

B-TVA: band tricuspid valve annuloplasty; BMI: body mass index; EuroSCORE: European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; GFR: glomerular filtration rate; LV: left ventricular; PS: propensity score; R-TVA: ring tricuspid valve annuloplasty; RV: right ventricular; SD: standard deviation; TR: tricuspid regurgitation.

^aValues are the number of patients with percentages in brackets or mean ± SD.

^bPatients' clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters were compared using the χ², Fisher's exact or McNemar's test for dichotomous variables, and the Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney U or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. The matched and unmatched patients were compared with paired or unpaired tests, respectively.

^cDefinitions were those employed for EuroSCORE II (ref. [11]).

^dThe creatinine clearance rate, calculated according to the Cockcroft–Gault formula, was used for approximating the GFR.

^eSystolic pulmonary artery pressure ≥60 mmHg.

^fRef. [11].

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