| Parameter (no. of patients with data available) . | Total (n = 30 977) . | Men (n = 23 975) . | Women (n = 7002) . | P-valuea . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age, years (n = 30 977) | 64.1 (10.5) | 63.4 (10.5) | 66.5 (9.9) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 30 949) | 27.3 (24.8, 30.4) | 27.3 (24.9, 30.1) | 27.3 (24.2, 31.1) | 0.87 |
| Ethnicity (n = 30 977) | ||||
| Caucasian | 20 458 (66.0) | 15 825 (66.0) | 4633 (66.2) | <0.0001 |
| South Asian | 2462 (7.9) | 1945 (8.1) | 517 (7.4) | |
| Chinese | 2618 (8.5) | 1999 (8.3) | 619 (8.8) | |
| Japanese/Korean | 1024 (3.3) | 758 (3.2) | 266 (3.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1352 (4.4) | 993 (4.1) | 359 (5.1) | |
| Black/African | 301 (1.0) | 208 (0.9) | 93 (1.3) | |
| Unknown | 2762 (8.9) | 2247 (9.4) | 515 (7.4) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Smoking status (n = 30 972) | ||||
| Current | 3870 (12.5) | 3368 (14.1) | 502 (7.2) | <0.0001 |
| Former | 14 139 (45.7) | 12 713 (53.0) | 1426 (20.4) | |
| Never | 12 963 (41.9) | 7890 (32.9) | 5073 (72.5) | |
| Dyslipidaemiab (n = 30 974) | 23 179 (74.8) | 17 940 (74.8) | 5239 (74.8) | 0.98 |
| Treated hypertension (n = 30 974) | 22 023 (71.1) | 16 525 (68.9) | 5498 (78.5) | <0.0001 |
| Family history of premature CADc (n = 30 970) | 8833 (28.5) | 6661 (27.8) | 2172 (31.0) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetesd (n= 30 973) | 8995 (29.0) | 6705 (28.0) | 2290 (32.7) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (n = 30 972) | ||||
| None | 4916 (15.9) | 3331 (13.9) | 1585 (22.6) | <0.0001 |
| Light physical activity most weeks | 16 056 (51.8) | 12 161 (50.7) | 3895 (55.7) | |
| >20 min physical activity once or twice weekly | 5167 (16.7) | 4329 (18.1) | 838 (12.0) | |
| >20min physical activity >3 times weekly | 4833 (15.6) | 4152 (17.3) | 681 (9.7) | |
| Medical history | ||||
| Time since diagnosis of CAD, years (n = 30 975) | 5 (2, 9) | 5 (2, 10) | 4 (2, 8) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction (n = 30 976) | 18 464 (59.6) | 14 883 (62.1) | 3581 (51.1) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary angiography performed (n = 30 977) | 26 320 (85.0) | 20 747 (86.5) | 5573 (79.6) | <0.0001 |
| Non-invasive test for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 969) | 19 066 (61.6) | 15 003 (62.6) | 4063 (58.1) | <0.0001 |
| Evidence for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 970) | 5082 (16.4) | 3851 (16.1) | 1231 (17.6) | 0.0025 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 30 975) | 18 101 (58.4) | 14 261 (59.5) | 3840 (54.8) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (n = 30 974) | 7246 (23.4) | 6023 (25.1) | 1223 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (n = 30 972) | 3012 (9.7) | 2418 (10.1) | 594 (8.5) | <0.0001 |
| Asthma/COPD (n = 30 975) | 2276 (7.3) | 1677 (7.0) | 599 (8.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hospital admission for heart failure (n = 30 976) | 1434 (4.6) | 1072 (4.5) | 362 (5.2) | 0.014 |
| Stroke (n = 30 976) | 1231 (4.0) | 936 (3.9) | 295 (4.2) | 0.24 |
| Transient ischaemic attack (n = 30 975) | 962 (3.1) | 707 (2.9) | 255 (3.6) | 0.0033 |
| Symptomatic status | ||||
| Angina (n = 30 977) | 7007 (22.6) | 5002 (20.9) | 2005 (28.6) | <0.0001 |
| CCS class (if angina) (n = 7003) | ||||
| I | 1992 (28.4) | 1483 (29.7) | 509 (25.4) | 0.0018 |
| II | 3727 (53.2) | 2634 (52.7) | 1093 (54.5) | |
| III | 1209 (17.3) | 833 (16.7) | 376 (18.8) | |
| IV | 75 (1.1) | 49 (1.0) | 26 (1.3) | |
| Heart failure symptoms (NYHA class) (n = 30 977) | ||||
| No heart failure | 26 242 (84.7) | 20 497 (85.5) | 5745 (82.0) | <0.0001 |
| Class II | 3964 (12.8) | 2922 (12.2) | 1042 (14.9) | |
| Class III | 771 (2.5) | 556 (2.3) | 215 (3.1) | |
| Angiographic findings (n = 26 282) | ||||
| No diseased vessel | 968 (3.7) | 610 (2.9) | 358 (6.4) | <0.0001 |
| One-vessel disease | 10 815 (41.1) | 8239 (39.8) | 2576 (46.3) | |
| Two or more vessel disease | 14 499 (55.2) | 11 868 (57.3) | 2631 (47.3) | |
| Cardiac parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (palpation), b.p.m. (n = 30 963) | 68.3 (10.6) | 67.9 (10.6) | 69.6 (10.5) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (electrocardiography), b.p.m. (n = 23 034) | 67.2 (11.4) | 66.7 (11.4) | 69.0 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 131.0 (16.7) | 130.4 (16.3) | 133.3 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 77.3 (10.0) | 77.3 (9.9) | 77.0 (10.4) | 0.0042 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (n = 21 283) | 56.1 (11.0) | 55.6 (11.1) | 58.0 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Electrocardiography rhythm (n = 23 020) | ||||
| Sinus rhythm | 21 888 (95.1) | 16 974 (94.9) | 4914 (95.6) | 0.10 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 772 (3.4) | 614 (3.4) | 158 (3.1) | |
| Paced rhythm | 360 (1.6) | 293 (1.6) | 67 (1.3) | |
| Parameter (no. of patients with data available) . | Total (n = 30 977) . | Men (n = 23 975) . | Women (n = 7002) . | P-valuea . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age, years (n = 30 977) | 64.1 (10.5) | 63.4 (10.5) | 66.5 (9.9) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 30 949) | 27.3 (24.8, 30.4) | 27.3 (24.9, 30.1) | 27.3 (24.2, 31.1) | 0.87 |
| Ethnicity (n = 30 977) | ||||
| Caucasian | 20 458 (66.0) | 15 825 (66.0) | 4633 (66.2) | <0.0001 |
| South Asian | 2462 (7.9) | 1945 (8.1) | 517 (7.4) | |
| Chinese | 2618 (8.5) | 1999 (8.3) | 619 (8.8) | |
| Japanese/Korean | 1024 (3.3) | 758 (3.2) | 266 (3.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1352 (4.4) | 993 (4.1) | 359 (5.1) | |
| Black/African | 301 (1.0) | 208 (0.9) | 93 (1.3) | |
| Unknown | 2762 (8.9) | 2247 (9.4) | 515 (7.4) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Smoking status (n = 30 972) | ||||
| Current | 3870 (12.5) | 3368 (14.1) | 502 (7.2) | <0.0001 |
| Former | 14 139 (45.7) | 12 713 (53.0) | 1426 (20.4) | |
| Never | 12 963 (41.9) | 7890 (32.9) | 5073 (72.5) | |
| Dyslipidaemiab (n = 30 974) | 23 179 (74.8) | 17 940 (74.8) | 5239 (74.8) | 0.98 |
| Treated hypertension (n = 30 974) | 22 023 (71.1) | 16 525 (68.9) | 5498 (78.5) | <0.0001 |
| Family history of premature CADc (n = 30 970) | 8833 (28.5) | 6661 (27.8) | 2172 (31.0) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetesd (n= 30 973) | 8995 (29.0) | 6705 (28.0) | 2290 (32.7) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (n = 30 972) | ||||
| None | 4916 (15.9) | 3331 (13.9) | 1585 (22.6) | <0.0001 |
| Light physical activity most weeks | 16 056 (51.8) | 12 161 (50.7) | 3895 (55.7) | |
| >20 min physical activity once or twice weekly | 5167 (16.7) | 4329 (18.1) | 838 (12.0) | |
| >20min physical activity >3 times weekly | 4833 (15.6) | 4152 (17.3) | 681 (9.7) | |
| Medical history | ||||
| Time since diagnosis of CAD, years (n = 30 975) | 5 (2, 9) | 5 (2, 10) | 4 (2, 8) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction (n = 30 976) | 18 464 (59.6) | 14 883 (62.1) | 3581 (51.1) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary angiography performed (n = 30 977) | 26 320 (85.0) | 20 747 (86.5) | 5573 (79.6) | <0.0001 |
| Non-invasive test for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 969) | 19 066 (61.6) | 15 003 (62.6) | 4063 (58.1) | <0.0001 |
| Evidence for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 970) | 5082 (16.4) | 3851 (16.1) | 1231 (17.6) | 0.0025 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 30 975) | 18 101 (58.4) | 14 261 (59.5) | 3840 (54.8) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (n = 30 974) | 7246 (23.4) | 6023 (25.1) | 1223 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (n = 30 972) | 3012 (9.7) | 2418 (10.1) | 594 (8.5) | <0.0001 |
| Asthma/COPD (n = 30 975) | 2276 (7.3) | 1677 (7.0) | 599 (8.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hospital admission for heart failure (n = 30 976) | 1434 (4.6) | 1072 (4.5) | 362 (5.2) | 0.014 |
| Stroke (n = 30 976) | 1231 (4.0) | 936 (3.9) | 295 (4.2) | 0.24 |
| Transient ischaemic attack (n = 30 975) | 962 (3.1) | 707 (2.9) | 255 (3.6) | 0.0033 |
| Symptomatic status | ||||
| Angina (n = 30 977) | 7007 (22.6) | 5002 (20.9) | 2005 (28.6) | <0.0001 |
| CCS class (if angina) (n = 7003) | ||||
| I | 1992 (28.4) | 1483 (29.7) | 509 (25.4) | 0.0018 |
| II | 3727 (53.2) | 2634 (52.7) | 1093 (54.5) | |
| III | 1209 (17.3) | 833 (16.7) | 376 (18.8) | |
| IV | 75 (1.1) | 49 (1.0) | 26 (1.3) | |
| Heart failure symptoms (NYHA class) (n = 30 977) | ||||
| No heart failure | 26 242 (84.7) | 20 497 (85.5) | 5745 (82.0) | <0.0001 |
| Class II | 3964 (12.8) | 2922 (12.2) | 1042 (14.9) | |
| Class III | 771 (2.5) | 556 (2.3) | 215 (3.1) | |
| Angiographic findings (n = 26 282) | ||||
| No diseased vessel | 968 (3.7) | 610 (2.9) | 358 (6.4) | <0.0001 |
| One-vessel disease | 10 815 (41.1) | 8239 (39.8) | 2576 (46.3) | |
| Two or more vessel disease | 14 499 (55.2) | 11 868 (57.3) | 2631 (47.3) | |
| Cardiac parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (palpation), b.p.m. (n = 30 963) | 68.3 (10.6) | 67.9 (10.6) | 69.6 (10.5) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (electrocardiography), b.p.m. (n = 23 034) | 67.2 (11.4) | 66.7 (11.4) | 69.0 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 131.0 (16.7) | 130.4 (16.3) | 133.3 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 77.3 (10.0) | 77.3 (9.9) | 77.0 (10.4) | 0.0042 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (n = 21 283) | 56.1 (11.0) | 55.6 (11.1) | 58.0 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Electrocardiography rhythm (n = 23 020) | ||||
| Sinus rhythm | 21 888 (95.1) | 16 974 (94.9) | 4914 (95.6) | 0.10 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 772 (3.4) | 614 (3.4) | 158 (3.1) | |
| Paced rhythm | 360 (1.6) | 293 (1.6) | 67 (1.3) | |
CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association.
Values are numbers (percentages), means (SD), or medians [Q1, Q3].
aMen vs. women.
bDefined as a history of documented total cholesterol >2 g/L (5.18 mmol/L) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <0.4 g/L or <1 mmol/L.
cDefined as myocardial infarction, sudden death, or stable angina at age <55 years (men) and <65 years (women) in a first-degree relative.
dRefers to a history of diabetes or current diabetes (diagnosed by two fasting blood glucose measures >7 mmol/L or 126 mg/L, or abnormal oral glucose tolerance test) treated or not.
| Parameter (no. of patients with data available) . | Total (n = 30 977) . | Men (n = 23 975) . | Women (n = 7002) . | P-valuea . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age, years (n = 30 977) | 64.1 (10.5) | 63.4 (10.5) | 66.5 (9.9) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 30 949) | 27.3 (24.8, 30.4) | 27.3 (24.9, 30.1) | 27.3 (24.2, 31.1) | 0.87 |
| Ethnicity (n = 30 977) | ||||
| Caucasian | 20 458 (66.0) | 15 825 (66.0) | 4633 (66.2) | <0.0001 |
| South Asian | 2462 (7.9) | 1945 (8.1) | 517 (7.4) | |
| Chinese | 2618 (8.5) | 1999 (8.3) | 619 (8.8) | |
| Japanese/Korean | 1024 (3.3) | 758 (3.2) | 266 (3.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1352 (4.4) | 993 (4.1) | 359 (5.1) | |
| Black/African | 301 (1.0) | 208 (0.9) | 93 (1.3) | |
| Unknown | 2762 (8.9) | 2247 (9.4) | 515 (7.4) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Smoking status (n = 30 972) | ||||
| Current | 3870 (12.5) | 3368 (14.1) | 502 (7.2) | <0.0001 |
| Former | 14 139 (45.7) | 12 713 (53.0) | 1426 (20.4) | |
| Never | 12 963 (41.9) | 7890 (32.9) | 5073 (72.5) | |
| Dyslipidaemiab (n = 30 974) | 23 179 (74.8) | 17 940 (74.8) | 5239 (74.8) | 0.98 |
| Treated hypertension (n = 30 974) | 22 023 (71.1) | 16 525 (68.9) | 5498 (78.5) | <0.0001 |
| Family history of premature CADc (n = 30 970) | 8833 (28.5) | 6661 (27.8) | 2172 (31.0) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetesd (n= 30 973) | 8995 (29.0) | 6705 (28.0) | 2290 (32.7) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (n = 30 972) | ||||
| None | 4916 (15.9) | 3331 (13.9) | 1585 (22.6) | <0.0001 |
| Light physical activity most weeks | 16 056 (51.8) | 12 161 (50.7) | 3895 (55.7) | |
| >20 min physical activity once or twice weekly | 5167 (16.7) | 4329 (18.1) | 838 (12.0) | |
| >20min physical activity >3 times weekly | 4833 (15.6) | 4152 (17.3) | 681 (9.7) | |
| Medical history | ||||
| Time since diagnosis of CAD, years (n = 30 975) | 5 (2, 9) | 5 (2, 10) | 4 (2, 8) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction (n = 30 976) | 18 464 (59.6) | 14 883 (62.1) | 3581 (51.1) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary angiography performed (n = 30 977) | 26 320 (85.0) | 20 747 (86.5) | 5573 (79.6) | <0.0001 |
| Non-invasive test for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 969) | 19 066 (61.6) | 15 003 (62.6) | 4063 (58.1) | <0.0001 |
| Evidence for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 970) | 5082 (16.4) | 3851 (16.1) | 1231 (17.6) | 0.0025 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 30 975) | 18 101 (58.4) | 14 261 (59.5) | 3840 (54.8) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (n = 30 974) | 7246 (23.4) | 6023 (25.1) | 1223 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (n = 30 972) | 3012 (9.7) | 2418 (10.1) | 594 (8.5) | <0.0001 |
| Asthma/COPD (n = 30 975) | 2276 (7.3) | 1677 (7.0) | 599 (8.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hospital admission for heart failure (n = 30 976) | 1434 (4.6) | 1072 (4.5) | 362 (5.2) | 0.014 |
| Stroke (n = 30 976) | 1231 (4.0) | 936 (3.9) | 295 (4.2) | 0.24 |
| Transient ischaemic attack (n = 30 975) | 962 (3.1) | 707 (2.9) | 255 (3.6) | 0.0033 |
| Symptomatic status | ||||
| Angina (n = 30 977) | 7007 (22.6) | 5002 (20.9) | 2005 (28.6) | <0.0001 |
| CCS class (if angina) (n = 7003) | ||||
| I | 1992 (28.4) | 1483 (29.7) | 509 (25.4) | 0.0018 |
| II | 3727 (53.2) | 2634 (52.7) | 1093 (54.5) | |
| III | 1209 (17.3) | 833 (16.7) | 376 (18.8) | |
| IV | 75 (1.1) | 49 (1.0) | 26 (1.3) | |
| Heart failure symptoms (NYHA class) (n = 30 977) | ||||
| No heart failure | 26 242 (84.7) | 20 497 (85.5) | 5745 (82.0) | <0.0001 |
| Class II | 3964 (12.8) | 2922 (12.2) | 1042 (14.9) | |
| Class III | 771 (2.5) | 556 (2.3) | 215 (3.1) | |
| Angiographic findings (n = 26 282) | ||||
| No diseased vessel | 968 (3.7) | 610 (2.9) | 358 (6.4) | <0.0001 |
| One-vessel disease | 10 815 (41.1) | 8239 (39.8) | 2576 (46.3) | |
| Two or more vessel disease | 14 499 (55.2) | 11 868 (57.3) | 2631 (47.3) | |
| Cardiac parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (palpation), b.p.m. (n = 30 963) | 68.3 (10.6) | 67.9 (10.6) | 69.6 (10.5) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (electrocardiography), b.p.m. (n = 23 034) | 67.2 (11.4) | 66.7 (11.4) | 69.0 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 131.0 (16.7) | 130.4 (16.3) | 133.3 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 77.3 (10.0) | 77.3 (9.9) | 77.0 (10.4) | 0.0042 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (n = 21 283) | 56.1 (11.0) | 55.6 (11.1) | 58.0 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Electrocardiography rhythm (n = 23 020) | ||||
| Sinus rhythm | 21 888 (95.1) | 16 974 (94.9) | 4914 (95.6) | 0.10 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 772 (3.4) | 614 (3.4) | 158 (3.1) | |
| Paced rhythm | 360 (1.6) | 293 (1.6) | 67 (1.3) | |
| Parameter (no. of patients with data available) . | Total (n = 30 977) . | Men (n = 23 975) . | Women (n = 7002) . | P-valuea . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age, years (n = 30 977) | 64.1 (10.5) | 63.4 (10.5) | 66.5 (9.9) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 30 949) | 27.3 (24.8, 30.4) | 27.3 (24.9, 30.1) | 27.3 (24.2, 31.1) | 0.87 |
| Ethnicity (n = 30 977) | ||||
| Caucasian | 20 458 (66.0) | 15 825 (66.0) | 4633 (66.2) | <0.0001 |
| South Asian | 2462 (7.9) | 1945 (8.1) | 517 (7.4) | |
| Chinese | 2618 (8.5) | 1999 (8.3) | 619 (8.8) | |
| Japanese/Korean | 1024 (3.3) | 758 (3.2) | 266 (3.8) | |
| Hispanic | 1352 (4.4) | 993 (4.1) | 359 (5.1) | |
| Black/African | 301 (1.0) | 208 (0.9) | 93 (1.3) | |
| Unknown | 2762 (8.9) | 2247 (9.4) | 515 (7.4) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Smoking status (n = 30 972) | ||||
| Current | 3870 (12.5) | 3368 (14.1) | 502 (7.2) | <0.0001 |
| Former | 14 139 (45.7) | 12 713 (53.0) | 1426 (20.4) | |
| Never | 12 963 (41.9) | 7890 (32.9) | 5073 (72.5) | |
| Dyslipidaemiab (n = 30 974) | 23 179 (74.8) | 17 940 (74.8) | 5239 (74.8) | 0.98 |
| Treated hypertension (n = 30 974) | 22 023 (71.1) | 16 525 (68.9) | 5498 (78.5) | <0.0001 |
| Family history of premature CADc (n = 30 970) | 8833 (28.5) | 6661 (27.8) | 2172 (31.0) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetesd (n= 30 973) | 8995 (29.0) | 6705 (28.0) | 2290 (32.7) | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (n = 30 972) | ||||
| None | 4916 (15.9) | 3331 (13.9) | 1585 (22.6) | <0.0001 |
| Light physical activity most weeks | 16 056 (51.8) | 12 161 (50.7) | 3895 (55.7) | |
| >20 min physical activity once or twice weekly | 5167 (16.7) | 4329 (18.1) | 838 (12.0) | |
| >20min physical activity >3 times weekly | 4833 (15.6) | 4152 (17.3) | 681 (9.7) | |
| Medical history | ||||
| Time since diagnosis of CAD, years (n = 30 975) | 5 (2, 9) | 5 (2, 10) | 4 (2, 8) | <0.0001 |
| Myocardial infarction (n = 30 976) | 18 464 (59.6) | 14 883 (62.1) | 3581 (51.1) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary angiography performed (n = 30 977) | 26 320 (85.0) | 20 747 (86.5) | 5573 (79.6) | <0.0001 |
| Non-invasive test for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 969) | 19 066 (61.6) | 15 003 (62.6) | 4063 (58.1) | <0.0001 |
| Evidence for myocardial ischaemia (n = 30 970) | 5082 (16.4) | 3851 (16.1) | 1231 (17.6) | 0.0025 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention (n = 30 975) | 18 101 (58.4) | 14 261 (59.5) | 3840 (54.8) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (n = 30 974) | 7246 (23.4) | 6023 (25.1) | 1223 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (n = 30 972) | 3012 (9.7) | 2418 (10.1) | 594 (8.5) | <0.0001 |
| Asthma/COPD (n = 30 975) | 2276 (7.3) | 1677 (7.0) | 599 (8.6) | <0.0001 |
| Hospital admission for heart failure (n = 30 976) | 1434 (4.6) | 1072 (4.5) | 362 (5.2) | 0.014 |
| Stroke (n = 30 976) | 1231 (4.0) | 936 (3.9) | 295 (4.2) | 0.24 |
| Transient ischaemic attack (n = 30 975) | 962 (3.1) | 707 (2.9) | 255 (3.6) | 0.0033 |
| Symptomatic status | ||||
| Angina (n = 30 977) | 7007 (22.6) | 5002 (20.9) | 2005 (28.6) | <0.0001 |
| CCS class (if angina) (n = 7003) | ||||
| I | 1992 (28.4) | 1483 (29.7) | 509 (25.4) | 0.0018 |
| II | 3727 (53.2) | 2634 (52.7) | 1093 (54.5) | |
| III | 1209 (17.3) | 833 (16.7) | 376 (18.8) | |
| IV | 75 (1.1) | 49 (1.0) | 26 (1.3) | |
| Heart failure symptoms (NYHA class) (n = 30 977) | ||||
| No heart failure | 26 242 (84.7) | 20 497 (85.5) | 5745 (82.0) | <0.0001 |
| Class II | 3964 (12.8) | 2922 (12.2) | 1042 (14.9) | |
| Class III | 771 (2.5) | 556 (2.3) | 215 (3.1) | |
| Angiographic findings (n = 26 282) | ||||
| No diseased vessel | 968 (3.7) | 610 (2.9) | 358 (6.4) | <0.0001 |
| One-vessel disease | 10 815 (41.1) | 8239 (39.8) | 2576 (46.3) | |
| Two or more vessel disease | 14 499 (55.2) | 11 868 (57.3) | 2631 (47.3) | |
| Cardiac parameters | ||||
| Heart rate (palpation), b.p.m. (n = 30 963) | 68.3 (10.6) | 67.9 (10.6) | 69.6 (10.5) | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (electrocardiography), b.p.m. (n = 23 034) | 67.2 (11.4) | 66.7 (11.4) | 69.0 (11.5) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 131.0 (16.7) | 130.4 (16.3) | 133.3 (17.5) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (n = 30 969) | 77.3 (10.0) | 77.3 (9.9) | 77.0 (10.4) | 0.0042 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (n = 21 283) | 56.1 (11.0) | 55.6 (11.1) | 58.0 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
| Electrocardiography rhythm (n = 23 020) | ||||
| Sinus rhythm | 21 888 (95.1) | 16 974 (94.9) | 4914 (95.6) | 0.10 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 772 (3.4) | 614 (3.4) | 158 (3.1) | |
| Paced rhythm | 360 (1.6) | 293 (1.6) | 67 (1.3) | |
CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association.
Values are numbers (percentages), means (SD), or medians [Q1, Q3].
aMen vs. women.
bDefined as a history of documented total cholesterol >2 g/L (5.18 mmol/L) or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <0.4 g/L or <1 mmol/L.
cDefined as myocardial infarction, sudden death, or stable angina at age <55 years (men) and <65 years (women) in a first-degree relative.
dRefers to a history of diabetes or current diabetes (diagnosed by two fasting blood glucose measures >7 mmol/L or 126 mg/L, or abnormal oral glucose tolerance test) treated or not.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
