Table 2 Open in new tab Baseline...

	Patients with at least one hospitalization due to worsening heart failure during the study (n = 1186)	P-value*
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	63.3 ± 10.8	61.4 ± 12.0	0.0071
Male	397 (77%)	504 (75%)	0.37
Current smoker	69 (13%)	122 (18%)	0.023
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.0 ± 5.26	27.7 ± 5.4	0.38
Cardiac parameters
Heart rate (b.p.m.)	81.8 ± 11.1	82.9 ± 11.2	0.024
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119.1 ± 17.3	118.9 ± 16.3	0.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.0 ± 9.8	74.5 ± 9.9	0.73
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	27.4 ± 5.5	27.7 ± 5.4	0.46
NYHA class II	188 (37%)	257 (38%)	0.66
NYHA class III	313 (61%)	394 (59%)
NYHA class IV	13 (3%)	21 (3%)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	68.9 ± 22.3	70.4 ± 24.5	0.40
Medical history
Duration of heart failure (years)	4.3 ± 4.5	4.3 ± 4.6	0.82
Ischaemic cause of heart failure	369 (72%)	444 (66%)	0.036
Myocardial infarction	311 (61%)	369 (55%)	0.054
Hypertension	331 (64%)	438 (65%)	0.78
Diabetes	181 (35%)	246 (37%)	0.62
Stroke	43 (8%)	82 (12%)	0.033
History of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter	64 (12%)	69 (10%)	0.24
Coronary artery disease	394 (77%)	475 (71%)	0.021
Treatment at randomization
β-Blockers	449 (87%)	574 (85%)	0.34
ACE-inhibitor	389 (76%)	511 (76%)	0.89
ARB	80 (16%)	106 (16%)	0.92
ACE-inhibitor and/or ARB	460 (89%)	605 (90%)	0.76
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists	372 (72%)	452 (67%)	0.058
Diuretics	478 (93%)	601 (89%)	0.034
Digitalis	176 (34%)	201 (30%)	0.11

Patients with at least one hospitalization due to worsening heart failure during the study (n = 1186)

P-value*

Ivabradine (n = 514)

Placebo (n = 672)

Demographic characteristics

Age (years)

63.3 ± 10.8

61.4 ± 12.0

0.0071

Male

397 (77%)

504 (75%)

0.37

Current smoker

69 (13%)

122 (18%)

0.023

Body mass index (kg/m²)

28.0 ± 5.26

27.7 ± 5.4

0.38

Cardiac parameters

Heart rate (b.p.m.)

81.8 ± 11.1

82.9 ± 11.2

0.024

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

119.1 ± 17.3

118.9 ± 16.3

0.98

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74.0 ± 9.8

74.5 ± 9.9

0.73

Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)

27.4 ± 5.5

27.7 ± 5.4

0.46

NYHA class II

188 (37%)

257 (38%)

0.66

NYHA class III

313 (61%)

394 (59%)

NYHA class IV

13 (3%)

21 (3%)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

68.9 ± 22.3

70.4 ± 24.5

0.40

Medical history

Duration of heart failure (years)

4.3 ± 4.5

4.3 ± 4.6

0.82

Ischaemic cause of heart failure

369 (72%)

444 (66%)

0.036

Myocardial infarction

311 (61%)

369 (55%)

0.054

Hypertension

331 (64%)

438 (65%)

0.78

Diabetes

181 (35%)

246 (37%)

0.62

Stroke

43 (8%)

82 (12%)

0.033

History of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter

64 (12%)

69 (10%)

0.24

Coronary artery disease

394 (77%)

475 (71%)

0.021

Treatment at randomization

β-Blockers

449 (87%)

574 (85%)

0.34

ACE-inhibitor

389 (76%)

511 (76%)

0.89

ARB

80 (16%)

106 (16%)

0.92

ACE-inhibitor and/or ARB

460 (89%)

605 (90%)

0.76

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists

372 (72%)

452 (67%)

0.058

Diuretics

478 (93%)

601 (89%)

0.034

Digitalis

176 (34%)

201 (30%)

0.11

	Patients with at least one hospitalization due to worsening heart failure during the study (n = 1186)	P-value*
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	63.3 ± 10.8	61.4 ± 12.0	0.0071
Male	397 (77%)	504 (75%)	0.37
Current smoker	69 (13%)	122 (18%)	0.023
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.0 ± 5.26	27.7 ± 5.4	0.38
Cardiac parameters
Heart rate (b.p.m.)	81.8 ± 11.1	82.9 ± 11.2	0.024
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119.1 ± 17.3	118.9 ± 16.3	0.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.0 ± 9.8	74.5 ± 9.9	0.73
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	27.4 ± 5.5	27.7 ± 5.4	0.46
NYHA class II	188 (37%)	257 (38%)	0.66
NYHA class III	313 (61%)	394 (59%)
NYHA class IV	13 (3%)	21 (3%)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	68.9 ± 22.3	70.4 ± 24.5	0.40
Medical history
Duration of heart failure (years)	4.3 ± 4.5	4.3 ± 4.6	0.82
Ischaemic cause of heart failure	369 (72%)	444 (66%)	0.036
Myocardial infarction	311 (61%)	369 (55%)	0.054
Hypertension	331 (64%)	438 (65%)	0.78
Diabetes	181 (35%)	246 (37%)	0.62
Stroke	43 (8%)	82 (12%)	0.033
History of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter	64 (12%)	69 (10%)	0.24
Coronary artery disease	394 (77%)	475 (71%)	0.021
Treatment at randomization
β-Blockers	449 (87%)	574 (85%)	0.34
ACE-inhibitor	389 (76%)	511 (76%)	0.89
ARB	80 (16%)	106 (16%)	0.92
ACE-inhibitor and/or ARB	460 (89%)	605 (90%)	0.76
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists	372 (72%)	452 (67%)	0.058
Diuretics	478 (93%)	601 (89%)	0.034
Digitalis	176 (34%)	201 (30%)	0.11

Table 2

Open in new tab

Baseline characteristics of patients who were hospitalized at least once for worsening heart failure during the trial

	Patients with at least one hospitalization due to worsening heart failure during the study (n = 1186)		P-value*
	Ivabradine (n = 514)	Placebo (n = 672)	P-value*
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	63.3 ± 10.8	61.4 ± 12.0	0.0071
Male	397 (77%)	504 (75%)	0.37
Current smoker	69 (13%)	122 (18%)	0.023
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.0 ± 5.26	27.7 ± 5.4	0.38
Cardiac parameters
Heart rate (b.p.m.)	81.8 ± 11.1	82.9 ± 11.2	0.024
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119.1 ± 17.3	118.9 ± 16.3	0.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.0 ± 9.8	74.5 ± 9.9	0.73
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	27.4 ± 5.5	27.7 ± 5.4	0.46
NYHA class II	188 (37%)	257 (38%)	0.66
NYHA class III	313 (61%)	394 (59%)
NYHA class IV	13 (3%)	21 (3%)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	68.9 ± 22.3	70.4 ± 24.5	0.40
Medical history
Duration of heart failure (years)	4.3 ± 4.5	4.3 ± 4.6	0.82
Ischaemic cause of heart failure	369 (72%)	444 (66%)	0.036
Myocardial infarction	311 (61%)	369 (55%)	0.054
Hypertension	331 (64%)	438 (65%)	0.78
Diabetes	181 (35%)	246 (37%)	0.62
Stroke	43 (8%)	82 (12%)	0.033
History of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter	64 (12%)	69 (10%)	0.24
Coronary artery disease	394 (77%)	475 (71%)	0.021
Treatment at randomization
β-Blockers	449 (87%)	574 (85%)	0.34
ACE-inhibitor	389 (76%)	511 (76%)	0.89
ARB	80 (16%)	106 (16%)	0.92
ACE-inhibitor and/or ARB	460 (89%)	605 (90%)	0.76
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists	372 (72%)	452 (67%)	0.058
Diuretics	478 (93%)	601 (89%)	0.034
Digitalis	176 (34%)	201 (30%)	0.11

	Patients with at least one hospitalization due to worsening heart failure during the study (n = 1186)		P-value*
	Ivabradine (n = 514)	Placebo (n = 672)	P-value*
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	63.3 ± 10.8	61.4 ± 12.0	0.0071
Male	397 (77%)	504 (75%)	0.37
Current smoker	69 (13%)	122 (18%)	0.023
Body mass index (kg/m²)	28.0 ± 5.26	27.7 ± 5.4	0.38
Cardiac parameters
Heart rate (b.p.m.)	81.8 ± 11.1	82.9 ± 11.2	0.024
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	119.1 ± 17.3	118.9 ± 16.3	0.98
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	74.0 ± 9.8	74.5 ± 9.9	0.73
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	27.4 ± 5.5	27.7 ± 5.4	0.46
NYHA class II	188 (37%)	257 (38%)	0.66
NYHA class III	313 (61%)	394 (59%)
NYHA class IV	13 (3%)	21 (3%)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	68.9 ± 22.3	70.4 ± 24.5	0.40
Medical history
Duration of heart failure (years)	4.3 ± 4.5	4.3 ± 4.6	0.82
Ischaemic cause of heart failure	369 (72%)	444 (66%)	0.036
Myocardial infarction	311 (61%)	369 (55%)	0.054
Hypertension	331 (64%)	438 (65%)	0.78
Diabetes	181 (35%)	246 (37%)	0.62
Stroke	43 (8%)	82 (12%)	0.033
History of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter	64 (12%)	69 (10%)	0.24
Coronary artery disease	394 (77%)	475 (71%)	0.021
Treatment at randomization
β-Blockers	449 (87%)	574 (85%)	0.34
ACE-inhibitor	389 (76%)	511 (76%)	0.89
ARB	80 (16%)	106 (16%)	0.92
ACE-inhibitor and/or ARB	460 (89%)	605 (90%)	0.76
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists	372 (72%)	452 (67%)	0.058
Diuretics	478 (93%)	601 (89%)	0.034
Digitalis	176 (34%)	201 (30%)	0.11

Values are n (%) or means ± SD. *P-values comparing patients in the ivabradine and placebo groups (the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables or the χ² test for categorical variables). ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (Modification in Diet in Renal Disease Formula); NYHA, New York Heart Association.

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