Table 3. Open in new tab Quantile...

	Dependent variable: birth weight (kg.)
Panel A: Association of adequate ANC with birth weight
Adequate ANC ^d	0.05 ^c	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03 ^c	0.03 ^a
[−0.01;0.11]	[−0.02;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.00;0.07]	[0.00;0.07]
Indigenous	−0.19 ^b	−0.19 ^b	−0.13 ^b	−0.10 ^a	−0.14 ^b	0.02
	[−0.33;−0.06]	[−0.29;−0.09]	[−0.22;−0.04]	[−0.18;−0.01]	[−0.21;−0.06]	[−0.05;0.09]
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	0.10	0.13 ^a	0.08	0.13 ^a	0.07	−0.11 ^a
[−0.06;0.26]	[0.01;0.25]	[−0.03;0.19]	[0.03;0.23]	[−0.03;0.16]	[−0.19;−0.02]
Intercept	2.33 ^b	2.55 ^b	2.64 ^b	2.83 ^b	3.13 ^b	3.59 ^b
[2.20;2.46]	[2.45;2.64]	[2.56;2.73]	[2.75;2.92]	[3.05;3.21]	[3.52;3.66]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287
Panel B: Association of ANC components with birth weight
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.01	0.02	0.05 ^a	0.07 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.06 ^b
[−0.05;0.08]	[−0.03;0.07]	[0.00;0.10]	[0.03;0.11]	[0.04;0.12]	[0.02;0.10]
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	0.01	−0.03	−0.02	−0.03	−0.02	−0.01
[−0.06;0.08]	[−0.08;0.02]	[−0.07;0.03]	[−0.08;0.01]	[−0.06;0.03]	[−0.05;0.03]
Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.14 ^b	0.12 ^b	0.09 ^a	0.09 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.05
[0.04;0.24]	[0.04;0.19]	[0.01;0.16]	[0.03;0.16]	[0.02;0.15]	[−0.01;0.11]
Indigenous	−0.16	−0.30 ^b	−0.29 ^b	−0.32 ^b	−0.08	0.10
[−0.41;0.08]	[−0.48;−0.11]	[−0.47;-0.11]	[−0.48;−0.16]	[−0.23;0.08]	[−0.05;0.25]
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.18 ^a	0.26 ^b	0.12 ^c	0.11 ^c	0.03	−0.07
[0.00;0.35]	[0.12;0.39]	[−0.01;0.24]	[−0.00;0.23]	[−0.08;0.14]	[−0.18;0.04]
Indigenous × Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	−0.15 ^c	0.02	0.06	0.09	0.04	−0.10 ^c
[−0.33;0.03]	[−0.12;0.16]	[−0.07;0.19]	[−0.03;0.21]	[−0.08;0.15]	[−0.21;0.02]
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.02	−0.02	0.07	0.15 ^c	−0.07	−0.03
[−0.22;0.25]	[−0.20;0.16]	[−0.11;0.24]	[−0.00;0.31]	[−0.22;0.08]	[−0.18;0.11]
Intercept	2.21 ^b	2.44 ^b	2.54 _b	2.77 ^b	3.03 ^b	3.52 ^b
[2.06;2.35]	[2.32;2.55]	[2.43;2.65]	[2.67;2.86]	[2.94;3.12]	[3.43;3.61]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287

Dependent variable: birth weight (kg.)

q = 0.05

q = 0.10

q = 0.15

q = 0.25

q = 0.50

q = 0.75

Panel A: Association of adequate ANC with birth weight

Adequate ANC ^d

0.05 ^c

0.02

0.03

0.03 ^c

0.03 ^a

[−0.01;0.11]

[−0.02;0.06]

[−0.01;0.06]

[−0.00;0.07]

[0.00;0.07]

Indigenous

−0.19 ^b

−0.13 ^b

−0.10 ^a

−0.14 ^b

0.02

[−0.33;−0.06]

[−0.29;−0.09]

[−0.22;−0.04]

[−0.18;−0.01]

[−0.21;−0.06]

[−0.05;0.09]

Indigenous × Adequate ANC

0.10

0.13 ^a

0.08

0.13 ^a

0.07

−0.11 ^a

[−0.06;0.26]

[0.01;0.25]

[−0.03;0.19]

[0.03;0.23]

[−0.03;0.16]

[−0.19;−0.02]

Intercept

2.33 ^b

2.55 ^b

2.64 ^b

2.83 ^b

3.13 ^b

3.59 ^b

[2.20;2.46]

[2.45;2.64]

[2.56;2.73]

[2.75;2.92]

[3.05;3.21]

[3.52;3.66]

Observations

5287

Panel B: Association of ANC components with birth weight

Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)

0.01

0.02

0.05 ^a

0.07 ^b

0.08 ^b

0.06 ^b

[−0.05;0.08]

[−0.03;0.07]

[0.00;0.10]

[0.03;0.11]

[0.04;0.12]

[0.02;0.10]

Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)

0.01

−0.03

−0.02

−0.03

−0.02

−0.01

[−0.06;0.08]

[−0.08;0.02]

[−0.07;0.03]

[−0.08;0.01]

[−0.06;0.03]

[−0.05;0.03]

Frequent (At least four consultations)

0.14 ^b

0.12 ^b

0.09 ^a

0.09 ^b

0.08 ^b

0.05

[0.04;0.24]

[0.04;0.19]

[0.01;0.16]

[0.03;0.16]

[0.02;0.15]

[−0.01;0.11]

Indigenous

−0.16

−0.30 ^b

−0.29 ^b

−0.32 ^b

−0.08

0.10

[−0.41;0.08]

[−0.48;−0.11]

[−0.47;-0.11]

[−0.48;−0.16]

[−0.23;0.08]

[−0.05;0.25]

Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)

0.18 ^a

0.26 ^b

0.12 ^c

0.11 ^c

0.03

−0.07

[0.00;0.35]

[0.12;0.39]

[−0.01;0.24]

[−0.00;0.23]

[−0.08;0.14]

[−0.18;0.04]

Indigenous × Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)

−0.15 ^c

0.02

0.06

0.09

0.04

−0.10 ^c

[−0.33;0.03]

[−0.12;0.16]

[−0.07;0.19]

[−0.03;0.21]

[−0.08;0.15]

[−0.21;0.02]

Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)

0.02

−0.02

0.07

0.15 ^c

−0.07

−0.03

[−0.22;0.25]

[−0.20;0.16]

[−0.11;0.24]

[−0.00;0.31]

[−0.22;0.08]

[−0.18;0.11]

Intercept

2.21 ^b

2.44 ^b

2.54 _b

2.77 ^b

3.03 ^b

3.52 ^b

[2.06;2.35]

[2.32;2.55]

[2.43;2.65]

[2.67;2.86]

[2.94;3.12]

[3.43;3.61]

Observations

5287

	Dependent variable: birth weight (kg.)
Panel A: Association of adequate ANC with birth weight
Adequate ANC ^d	0.05 ^c	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03 ^c	0.03 ^a
[−0.01;0.11]	[−0.02;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.00;0.07]	[0.00;0.07]
Indigenous	−0.19 ^b	−0.19 ^b	−0.13 ^b	−0.10 ^a	−0.14 ^b	0.02
	[−0.33;−0.06]	[−0.29;−0.09]	[−0.22;−0.04]	[−0.18;−0.01]	[−0.21;−0.06]	[−0.05;0.09]
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	0.10	0.13 ^a	0.08	0.13 ^a	0.07	−0.11 ^a
[−0.06;0.26]	[0.01;0.25]	[−0.03;0.19]	[0.03;0.23]	[−0.03;0.16]	[−0.19;−0.02]
Intercept	2.33 ^b	2.55 ^b	2.64 ^b	2.83 ^b	3.13 ^b	3.59 ^b
[2.20;2.46]	[2.45;2.64]	[2.56;2.73]	[2.75;2.92]	[3.05;3.21]	[3.52;3.66]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287
Panel B: Association of ANC components with birth weight
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.01	0.02	0.05 ^a	0.07 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.06 ^b
[−0.05;0.08]	[−0.03;0.07]	[0.00;0.10]	[0.03;0.11]	[0.04;0.12]	[0.02;0.10]
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	0.01	−0.03	−0.02	−0.03	−0.02	−0.01
[−0.06;0.08]	[−0.08;0.02]	[−0.07;0.03]	[−0.08;0.01]	[−0.06;0.03]	[−0.05;0.03]
Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.14 ^b	0.12 ^b	0.09 ^a	0.09 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.05
[0.04;0.24]	[0.04;0.19]	[0.01;0.16]	[0.03;0.16]	[0.02;0.15]	[−0.01;0.11]
Indigenous	−0.16	−0.30 ^b	−0.29 ^b	−0.32 ^b	−0.08	0.10
[−0.41;0.08]	[−0.48;−0.11]	[−0.47;-0.11]	[−0.48;−0.16]	[−0.23;0.08]	[−0.05;0.25]
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.18 ^a	0.26 ^b	0.12 ^c	0.11 ^c	0.03	−0.07
[0.00;0.35]	[0.12;0.39]	[−0.01;0.24]	[−0.00;0.23]	[−0.08;0.14]	[−0.18;0.04]
Indigenous × Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	−0.15 ^c	0.02	0.06	0.09	0.04	−0.10 ^c
[−0.33;0.03]	[−0.12;0.16]	[−0.07;0.19]	[−0.03;0.21]	[−0.08;0.15]	[−0.21;0.02]
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.02	−0.02	0.07	0.15 ^c	−0.07	−0.03
[−0.22;0.25]	[−0.20;0.16]	[−0.11;0.24]	[−0.00;0.31]	[−0.22;0.08]	[−0.18;0.11]
Intercept	2.21 ^b	2.44 ^b	2.54 _b	2.77 ^b	3.03 ^b	3.52 ^b
[2.06;2.35]	[2.32;2.55]	[2.43;2.65]	[2.67;2.86]	[2.94;3.12]	[3.43;3.61]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287

Table 3.

Open in new tab

Quantile Regression: association between birth weight and ANC among Mexican indigenous people

	Dependent variable: birth weight (kg.)
	q = 0.05	q = 0.10	q = 0.15	q = 0.25	q = 0.50	q = 0.75
Panel A: Association of adequate ANC with birth weight
Adequate ANC ^d	0.05 ^c	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03 ^c	0.03 ^a
Adequate ANC ^d	[−0.01;0.11]	[−0.02;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.00;0.07]	[0.00;0.07]
Indigenous	−0.19 ^b	−0.19 ^b	−0.13 ^b	−0.10 ^a	−0.14 ^b	0.02
	[−0.33;−0.06]	[−0.29;−0.09]	[−0.22;−0.04]	[−0.18;−0.01]	[−0.21;−0.06]	[−0.05;0.09]
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	0.10	0.13 ^a	0.08	0.13 ^a	0.07	−0.11 ^a
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	[−0.06;0.26]	[0.01;0.25]	[−0.03;0.19]	[0.03;0.23]	[−0.03;0.16]	[−0.19;−0.02]
Intercept	2.33 ^b	2.55 ^b	2.64 ^b	2.83 ^b	3.13 ^b	3.59 ^b
Intercept	[2.20;2.46]	[2.45;2.64]	[2.56;2.73]	[2.75;2.92]	[3.05;3.21]	[3.52;3.66]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287
Panel B: Association of ANC components with birth weight
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.01	0.02	0.05 ^a	0.07 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.06 ^b
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	[−0.05;0.08]	[−0.03;0.07]	[0.00;0.10]	[0.03;0.11]	[0.04;0.12]	[0.02;0.10]
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	0.01	−0.03	−0.02	−0.03	−0.02	−0.01
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	[−0.06;0.08]	[−0.08;0.02]	[−0.07;0.03]	[−0.08;0.01]	[−0.06;0.03]	[−0.05;0.03]
Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.14 ^b	0.12 ^b	0.09 ^a	0.09 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.05
Frequent (At least four consultations)	[0.04;0.24]	[0.04;0.19]	[0.01;0.16]	[0.03;0.16]	[0.02;0.15]	[−0.01;0.11]
Indigenous	−0.16	−0.30 ^b	−0.29 ^b	−0.32 ^b	−0.08	0.10
Indigenous	[−0.41;0.08]	[−0.48;−0.11]	[−0.47;-0.11]	[−0.48;−0.16]	[−0.23;0.08]	[−0.05;0.25]
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.18 ^a	0.26 ^b	0.12 ^c	0.11 ^c	0.03	−0.07
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	[0.00;0.35]	[0.12;0.39]	[−0.01;0.24]	[−0.00;0.23]	[−0.08;0.14]	[−0.18;0.04]
Indigenous × Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	−0.15 ^c	0.02	0.06	0.09	0.04	−0.10 ^c
	[−0.33;0.03]	[−0.12;0.16]	[−0.07;0.19]	[−0.03;0.21]	[−0.08;0.15]	[−0.21;0.02]
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.02	−0.02	0.07	0.15 ^c	−0.07	−0.03
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	[−0.22;0.25]	[−0.20;0.16]	[−0.11;0.24]	[−0.00;0.31]	[−0.22;0.08]	[−0.18;0.11]
Intercept	2.21 ^b	2.44 ^b	2.54 _b	2.77 ^b	3.03 ^b	3.52 ^b
Intercept	[2.06;2.35]	[2.32;2.55]	[2.43;2.65]	[2.67;2.86]	[2.94;3.12]	[3.43;3.61]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287

	Dependent variable: birth weight (kg.)
	q = 0.05	q = 0.10	q = 0.15	q = 0.25	q = 0.50	q = 0.75
Panel A: Association of adequate ANC with birth weight
Adequate ANC ^d	0.05 ^c	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03 ^c	0.03 ^a
Adequate ANC ^d	[−0.01;0.11]	[−0.02;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.01;0.06]	[−0.00;0.07]	[0.00;0.07]
Indigenous	−0.19 ^b	−0.19 ^b	−0.13 ^b	−0.10 ^a	−0.14 ^b	0.02
	[−0.33;−0.06]	[−0.29;−0.09]	[−0.22;−0.04]	[−0.18;−0.01]	[−0.21;−0.06]	[−0.05;0.09]
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	0.10	0.13 ^a	0.08	0.13 ^a	0.07	−0.11 ^a
Indigenous × Adequate ANC	[−0.06;0.26]	[0.01;0.25]	[−0.03;0.19]	[0.03;0.23]	[−0.03;0.16]	[−0.19;−0.02]
Intercept	2.33 ^b	2.55 ^b	2.64 ^b	2.83 ^b	3.13 ^b	3.59 ^b
Intercept	[2.20;2.46]	[2.45;2.64]	[2.56;2.73]	[2.75;2.92]	[3.05;3.21]	[3.52;3.66]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287
Panel B: Association of ANC components with birth weight
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.01	0.02	0.05 ^a	0.07 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.06 ^b
Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	[−0.05;0.08]	[−0.03;0.07]	[0.00;0.10]	[0.03;0.11]	[0.04;0.12]	[0.02;0.10]
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	0.01	−0.03	−0.02	−0.03	−0.02	−0.01
Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	[−0.06;0.08]	[−0.08;0.02]	[−0.07;0.03]	[−0.08;0.01]	[−0.06;0.03]	[−0.05;0.03]
Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.14 ^b	0.12 ^b	0.09 ^a	0.09 ^b	0.08 ^b	0.05
Frequent (At least four consultations)	[0.04;0.24]	[0.04;0.19]	[0.01;0.16]	[0.03;0.16]	[0.02;0.15]	[−0.01;0.11]
Indigenous	−0.16	−0.30 ^b	−0.29 ^b	−0.32 ^b	−0.08	0.10
Indigenous	[−0.41;0.08]	[−0.48;−0.11]	[−0.47;-0.11]	[−0.48;−0.16]	[−0.23;0.08]	[−0.05;0.25]
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	0.18 ^a	0.26 ^b	0.12 ^c	0.11 ^c	0.03	−0.07
Indigenous × Content of ANC consultation (≥75%)	[0.00;0.35]	[0.12;0.39]	[−0.01;0.24]	[−0.00;0.23]	[−0.08;0.14]	[−0.18;0.04]
Indigenous × Timely (first ANC visit during the first quarter)	−0.15 ^c	0.02	0.06	0.09	0.04	−0.10 ^c
	[−0.33;0.03]	[−0.12;0.16]	[−0.07;0.19]	[−0.03;0.21]	[−0.08;0.15]	[−0.21;0.02]
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	0.02	−0.02	0.07	0.15 ^c	−0.07	−0.03
Indigenous × Frequent (At least four consultations)	[−0.22;0.25]	[−0.20;0.16]	[−0.11;0.24]	[−0.00;0.31]	[−0.22;0.08]	[−0.18;0.11]
Intercept	2.21 ^b	2.44 ^b	2.54 _b	2.77 ^b	3.03 ^b	3.52 ^b
Intercept	[2.06;2.35]	[2.32;2.55]	[2.43;2.65]	[2.67;2.86]	[2.94;3.12]	[3.43;3.61]
Observations	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287	5287

Note: ^a , ^b and ^c indicate statistical significance at 1, 5 and 10% error levels, respectively. CI95% in brackets. Covariates include: all variables showed in Table 1 , and the diagnosis of some health problem during pregnancy, any complication during childbirth and type of delivery (vaginal, urgent or planned cesarean).

^d Adequate ANC is defined according to WHO criteria: pregnant woman had her first antenatal visit within the first trimester of pregnancy, had ≥4 ANC visits, and if the content of her antenatal care included ≥75% of the list of recommend care.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only