Prevalence of Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses in Ebola Virus Disease Survivors Enrolled in the Médecins Sans Frontières Follow-up Program, by Days Between Ebola Treatment Center Discharge and First Follow-up Visit, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses . | Overall (N = 166) . | Days From ETC Discharge to First Follow-up Visit . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–30 d (n = 62) . | 31–60 d (n = 45) . | 61–90 d (n = 21) . | ≥91 d (n = 38) . | P Value . | ||
| Arthralgia | 129 (77.7) | 48 (77.4) | 34 (75.5) | 18 (85.7) | 29 (76.3) | .815 |
| Fatigue | 116 (69.8) | 51 (82.3) | 22 (48.9) | 16 (76.1) | 27 (71.0) | .002 |
| Abdominal pain | 90 (54.2) | 40 (64.5) | 21 (51.1) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (34.2) | .016 |
| Headache | 87 (52.4) | 36 (58.0) | 25 (55.6) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (39.5) | .318 |
| Anemia | 83 (50.0) | 36 (58.0) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 14 (36.8) | .229 |
| Skin rash or infection/itching/desquamation | 81 (48.8) | 38 (61.2) | 21 (46.7) | 9 (42.8) | 13 (34.2) | .058 |
| Back pain | 54 (32.5) | 25 (40.3) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (38.1) | 7 (18.4) | .139 |
| Alopecia (diffuse) | 53 (31.9) | 23 (37.1) | 8 (17.8) | 10 (47.6) | 12 (31.6) | .063 |
| Respiratory tract infection + otitis | 45 (27.1) | 17 (27.4) | 18 (40.0) | 3 (14.3) | 7 (18.4) | .072 |
| Anorexia | 43 (25.9) | 21 (33.8) | 11 (24.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (15.8) | .243 |
| Genital/urinary tract infection/STI | 38 (22.8) | 22 (35.5) | 5 (11.1) | 3 (14.3) | 8 (21.0) | .018 |
| Insomnia | 30 (18.0) | 10 (16.1) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (19.0) | 9 (23.7) | .760 |
| Gastritis/ulcer/GERD | 27 (16.2) | 11 (17.7) | 7 (15.5) | 4 (19.0) | 5 (13.2) | .918 |
| Malaria | 23 (13.8) | 10 (16.1) | 3 (6.7) | 2 (9.5) | 8 (21.0) | .241 |
| Moderate acute malnutrition | 19 (11.4) | 10 (16.1) | 6 (13.3) | 1 (4.7) | 2 (5.2) | .277 |
| Cardiopathy/valvulopathy/tachycardia | 19 (11.4) | 7 (11.3) | 6 (13.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (10.5) | .966 |
| Amenorrheaa | 7 (10.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (26.7) | .045 |
| Arterial hypertension | 12 (7.2) | 4 (6.4) | 4 (8.8) | 1 (4.7) | 3 (7.8) | .928 |
| Diarrhea/gastroenteritis | 9 (5.4) | 5 (8.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.3) | .545 |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | 5 (3.0) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | .370 |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Myocarditis (clinically suspect) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Any ocular complication | 94 (56.6) | 41 (66.1) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 20 (52.6) | .353 |
| Uveitis | 58 (34.9) | 26 (41.9) | 10 (22.2) | 8 (38.0) | 14 (36.8) | .213 |
| Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses . | Overall (N = 166) . | Days From ETC Discharge to First Follow-up Visit . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–30 d (n = 62) . | 31–60 d (n = 45) . | 61–90 d (n = 21) . | ≥91 d (n = 38) . | P Value . | ||
| Arthralgia | 129 (77.7) | 48 (77.4) | 34 (75.5) | 18 (85.7) | 29 (76.3) | .815 |
| Fatigue | 116 (69.8) | 51 (82.3) | 22 (48.9) | 16 (76.1) | 27 (71.0) | .002 |
| Abdominal pain | 90 (54.2) | 40 (64.5) | 21 (51.1) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (34.2) | .016 |
| Headache | 87 (52.4) | 36 (58.0) | 25 (55.6) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (39.5) | .318 |
| Anemia | 83 (50.0) | 36 (58.0) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 14 (36.8) | .229 |
| Skin rash or infection/itching/desquamation | 81 (48.8) | 38 (61.2) | 21 (46.7) | 9 (42.8) | 13 (34.2) | .058 |
| Back pain | 54 (32.5) | 25 (40.3) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (38.1) | 7 (18.4) | .139 |
| Alopecia (diffuse) | 53 (31.9) | 23 (37.1) | 8 (17.8) | 10 (47.6) | 12 (31.6) | .063 |
| Respiratory tract infection + otitis | 45 (27.1) | 17 (27.4) | 18 (40.0) | 3 (14.3) | 7 (18.4) | .072 |
| Anorexia | 43 (25.9) | 21 (33.8) | 11 (24.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (15.8) | .243 |
| Genital/urinary tract infection/STI | 38 (22.8) | 22 (35.5) | 5 (11.1) | 3 (14.3) | 8 (21.0) | .018 |
| Insomnia | 30 (18.0) | 10 (16.1) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (19.0) | 9 (23.7) | .760 |
| Gastritis/ulcer/GERD | 27 (16.2) | 11 (17.7) | 7 (15.5) | 4 (19.0) | 5 (13.2) | .918 |
| Malaria | 23 (13.8) | 10 (16.1) | 3 (6.7) | 2 (9.5) | 8 (21.0) | .241 |
| Moderate acute malnutrition | 19 (11.4) | 10 (16.1) | 6 (13.3) | 1 (4.7) | 2 (5.2) | .277 |
| Cardiopathy/valvulopathy/tachycardia | 19 (11.4) | 7 (11.3) | 6 (13.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (10.5) | .966 |
| Amenorrheaa | 7 (10.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (26.7) | .045 |
| Arterial hypertension | 12 (7.2) | 4 (6.4) | 4 (8.8) | 1 (4.7) | 3 (7.8) | .928 |
| Diarrhea/gastroenteritis | 9 (5.4) | 5 (8.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.3) | .545 |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | 5 (3.0) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | .370 |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Myocarditis (clinically suspect) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Any ocular complication | 94 (56.6) | 41 (66.1) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 20 (52.6) | .353 |
| Uveitis | 58 (34.9) | 26 (41.9) | 10 (22.2) | 8 (38.0) | 14 (36.8) | .213 |
Data are presented as No. (%).
Abbreviations: ETC, Ebola treatment center; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; STI, sexually transmitted infection.
a Considered only for women >10 years of age: n = 69 for all (n = 26 for 0–30 days, n = 18 for 31–60 days, n = 10 for 61–90 days, n = 15 for ≥91 days).
Prevalence of Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses in Ebola Virus Disease Survivors Enrolled in the Médecins Sans Frontières Follow-up Program, by Days Between Ebola Treatment Center Discharge and First Follow-up Visit, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses . | Overall (N = 166) . | Days From ETC Discharge to First Follow-up Visit . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–30 d (n = 62) . | 31–60 d (n = 45) . | 61–90 d (n = 21) . | ≥91 d (n = 38) . | P Value . | ||
| Arthralgia | 129 (77.7) | 48 (77.4) | 34 (75.5) | 18 (85.7) | 29 (76.3) | .815 |
| Fatigue | 116 (69.8) | 51 (82.3) | 22 (48.9) | 16 (76.1) | 27 (71.0) | .002 |
| Abdominal pain | 90 (54.2) | 40 (64.5) | 21 (51.1) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (34.2) | .016 |
| Headache | 87 (52.4) | 36 (58.0) | 25 (55.6) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (39.5) | .318 |
| Anemia | 83 (50.0) | 36 (58.0) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 14 (36.8) | .229 |
| Skin rash or infection/itching/desquamation | 81 (48.8) | 38 (61.2) | 21 (46.7) | 9 (42.8) | 13 (34.2) | .058 |
| Back pain | 54 (32.5) | 25 (40.3) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (38.1) | 7 (18.4) | .139 |
| Alopecia (diffuse) | 53 (31.9) | 23 (37.1) | 8 (17.8) | 10 (47.6) | 12 (31.6) | .063 |
| Respiratory tract infection + otitis | 45 (27.1) | 17 (27.4) | 18 (40.0) | 3 (14.3) | 7 (18.4) | .072 |
| Anorexia | 43 (25.9) | 21 (33.8) | 11 (24.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (15.8) | .243 |
| Genital/urinary tract infection/STI | 38 (22.8) | 22 (35.5) | 5 (11.1) | 3 (14.3) | 8 (21.0) | .018 |
| Insomnia | 30 (18.0) | 10 (16.1) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (19.0) | 9 (23.7) | .760 |
| Gastritis/ulcer/GERD | 27 (16.2) | 11 (17.7) | 7 (15.5) | 4 (19.0) | 5 (13.2) | .918 |
| Malaria | 23 (13.8) | 10 (16.1) | 3 (6.7) | 2 (9.5) | 8 (21.0) | .241 |
| Moderate acute malnutrition | 19 (11.4) | 10 (16.1) | 6 (13.3) | 1 (4.7) | 2 (5.2) | .277 |
| Cardiopathy/valvulopathy/tachycardia | 19 (11.4) | 7 (11.3) | 6 (13.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (10.5) | .966 |
| Amenorrheaa | 7 (10.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (26.7) | .045 |
| Arterial hypertension | 12 (7.2) | 4 (6.4) | 4 (8.8) | 1 (4.7) | 3 (7.8) | .928 |
| Diarrhea/gastroenteritis | 9 (5.4) | 5 (8.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.3) | .545 |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | 5 (3.0) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | .370 |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Myocarditis (clinically suspect) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Any ocular complication | 94 (56.6) | 41 (66.1) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 20 (52.6) | .353 |
| Uveitis | 58 (34.9) | 26 (41.9) | 10 (22.2) | 8 (38.0) | 14 (36.8) | .213 |
| Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnoses . | Overall (N = 166) . | Days From ETC Discharge to First Follow-up Visit . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–30 d (n = 62) . | 31–60 d (n = 45) . | 61–90 d (n = 21) . | ≥91 d (n = 38) . | P Value . | ||
| Arthralgia | 129 (77.7) | 48 (77.4) | 34 (75.5) | 18 (85.7) | 29 (76.3) | .815 |
| Fatigue | 116 (69.8) | 51 (82.3) | 22 (48.9) | 16 (76.1) | 27 (71.0) | .002 |
| Abdominal pain | 90 (54.2) | 40 (64.5) | 21 (51.1) | 14 (66.7) | 12 (34.2) | .016 |
| Headache | 87 (52.4) | 36 (58.0) | 25 (55.6) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (39.5) | .318 |
| Anemia | 83 (50.0) | 36 (58.0) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 14 (36.8) | .229 |
| Skin rash or infection/itching/desquamation | 81 (48.8) | 38 (61.2) | 21 (46.7) | 9 (42.8) | 13 (34.2) | .058 |
| Back pain | 54 (32.5) | 25 (40.3) | 14 (31.1) | 8 (38.1) | 7 (18.4) | .139 |
| Alopecia (diffuse) | 53 (31.9) | 23 (37.1) | 8 (17.8) | 10 (47.6) | 12 (31.6) | .063 |
| Respiratory tract infection + otitis | 45 (27.1) | 17 (27.4) | 18 (40.0) | 3 (14.3) | 7 (18.4) | .072 |
| Anorexia | 43 (25.9) | 21 (33.8) | 11 (24.4) | 5 (23.8) | 6 (15.8) | .243 |
| Genital/urinary tract infection/STI | 38 (22.8) | 22 (35.5) | 5 (11.1) | 3 (14.3) | 8 (21.0) | .018 |
| Insomnia | 30 (18.0) | 10 (16.1) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (19.0) | 9 (23.7) | .760 |
| Gastritis/ulcer/GERD | 27 (16.2) | 11 (17.7) | 7 (15.5) | 4 (19.0) | 5 (13.2) | .918 |
| Malaria | 23 (13.8) | 10 (16.1) | 3 (6.7) | 2 (9.5) | 8 (21.0) | .241 |
| Moderate acute malnutrition | 19 (11.4) | 10 (16.1) | 6 (13.3) | 1 (4.7) | 2 (5.2) | .277 |
| Cardiopathy/valvulopathy/tachycardia | 19 (11.4) | 7 (11.3) | 6 (13.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (10.5) | .966 |
| Amenorrheaa | 7 (10.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (26.7) | .045 |
| Arterial hypertension | 12 (7.2) | 4 (6.4) | 4 (8.8) | 1 (4.7) | 3 (7.8) | .928 |
| Diarrhea/gastroenteritis | 9 (5.4) | 5 (8.0) | 2 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.3) | .545 |
| Tinnitus/hearing loss | 5 (3.0) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | .370 |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Myocarditis (clinically suspect) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | .754 |
| Any ocular complication | 94 (56.6) | 41 (66.1) | 22 (48.8) | 11 (52.3) | 20 (52.6) | .353 |
| Uveitis | 58 (34.9) | 26 (41.9) | 10 (22.2) | 8 (38.0) | 14 (36.8) | .213 |
Data are presented as No. (%).
Abbreviations: ETC, Ebola treatment center; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; STI, sexually transmitted infection.
a Considered only for women >10 years of age: n = 69 for all (n = 26 for 0–30 days, n = 18 for 31–60 days, n = 10 for 61–90 days, n = 15 for ≥91 days).
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