Table 3: Open in new tab Univariable Cox...

	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	95% CI for hazard ratio
Clinical parameters
Gender	−0.331	0.495	0.504	0.718	0.272	1.896
Age	0.101	0.253	0.688	1.107	0.674	1.817
Smoking index	−0.004	0.165	0.982	0.996	0.721	1.377
Non-cardiac comorbidity	1.192	1.027	0.246	3.294	0.440	24.631
Cardiac comorbidities	−0.381	0.495	0.441	0.683	0.259	1.802
Staging of lung cancer	0.006	0.029	0.830	1.006	0.950	1.066
Type of operation	0.108	0.364	0.766	1.114	0.546	2.276
VE/VCO₂ at baseline	0.973	0.368	0.008	2.645	1.286	5.438
At AT
Work load AT	0.253	0.248	0.309	1.287	0.791	2.095
Work load% AT	−0.057	0.248	0.819	0.945	0.581	1.537
VE (l) AT	0.464	0.321	0.148	1.591	0.848	2.983
VE% AT	0.618	0.274	0.024	1.856	1.085	3.176
VO₂ (l) AT	−0.415	0.328	0.207	0.661	0.347	1.257
VO₂% AT	−0.225	0.285	0.430	0.798	0.457	1.396
VO₂/kg AT	0.055	0.241	0.819	1.057	0.659	1.695
VO₂/kg% AT	−0.097	0.287	0.735	0.907	0.517	1.592
VCO₂ (l) AT	−0.191	0.300	0.523	0.826	0.459	1.487
RR AT	−0.098	0.302	0.746	0.907	0.502	1.638
RQ AT	0.590	0.320	0.065	1.803	0.963	3.377
HR AT	−0.269	0.269	0.318	0.764	0.451	1.295
HR% AT	−0.204	0.231	0.377	0.816	0.519	1.282
Lactic acid AT	0.154	0.304	0.612	1.167	0.643	2.117
Systolic BP AT	−0.105	0.285	0.713	0.901	0.515	1.574
Diastolic BP AT	−0.030	0.251	0.905	0.970	0.593	1.588
VE/VCO₂ AT	0.513	0.376	0.173	1.670	0.799	3.487
VO₂/HR AT	−0.021	0.225	0.925	0.979	0.630	1.522
VO₂/HR% AT	0.065	0.217	0.764	1.067	0.698	1.633
PETCO₂ AT	−0.556	0.270	0.039	0.573	0.338	0.973
At maximal exercise
Work load max	0.023	0.207	0.913	1.023	0.681	1.535
Work load% max	−0.013	0.270	0.961	0.987	0.582	1.674
VE (l) max	0.218	0.252	0.385	1.244	0.760	2.037
VE% max	0.480	0.237	0.043	1.616	1.016	2.571
VO₂ (l) max	−0.311	0.207	0.132	0.733	0.488	1.099
VO₂% max	−0.261	0.202	0.195	0.770	0.518	1.144
VO₂/kg max	−0.396	0.247	0.109	0.673	0.415	1.093
VO₂/kg% max	−0.518	0.252	0.040	0.596	0.363	0.976
VCO₂ (l) max	0.352	0.228	0.123	1.421	0.909	2.223
RR max	−0.037	0.199	0.852	0.963	0.652	1.423
RQ max	0.438	0.222	0.049	1.549	1.002	2.396
HR max	−0.187	0.257	0.466	0.829	0.501	1.372
HR% max	−0.325	0.202	0.107	0.722	0.486	1.073
Lactic acid max	0.090	0.261	0.729	1.095	0.656	1.825
Systolic BP max	0.258	0.251	0.304	1.295	0.791	2.120
Diastolic BP max	0.053	0.192	0.782	1.055	0.723	1.538
VE/VCO₂ max	0.407	0.324	0.209	1.502	0.796	2.838
VO₂/HR max	−0.144	0.227	0.526	0.866	0.554	1.352
VO₂/HR% max	−0.249	0.235	0.289	0.779	0.492	1.235
PETCO₂ max	−0.335	0.242	0.166	0.715	0.445	1.149
VE/VCO₂ max of >35	1.638	0.657	0.013	5.144	1.418	18.660

Sig.

Hazard ratio

95% CI for hazard ratio

Lower

Upper

Clinical parameters

Gender

−0.331

0.495

0.504

0.718

0.272

1.896

Age

0.101

0.253

0.688

1.107

0.674

1.817

Smoking index

−0.004

0.165

0.982

0.996

0.721

1.377

Non-cardiac comorbidity

1.192

1.027

0.246

3.294

0.440

24.631

Cardiac comorbidities

−0.381

0.495

0.441

0.683

0.259

1.802

Staging of lung cancer

0.006

0.029

0.830

1.006

0.950

1.066

Type of operation

0.108

0.364

0.766

1.114

0.546

2.276

VE/VCO₂ at baseline

0.973

0.368

0.008

2.645

1.286

5.438

At AT

Work load AT

0.253

0.248

0.309

1.287

0.791

2.095

Work load% AT

−0.057

0.248

0.819

0.945

0.581

1.537

VE (l) AT

0.464

0.321

0.148

1.591

0.848

2.983

VE% AT

0.618

0.274

0.024

1.856

1.085

3.176

VO₂ (l) AT

−0.415

0.328

0.207

0.661

0.347

1.257

VO₂% AT

−0.225

0.285

0.430

0.798

0.457

1.396

VO₂/kg AT

0.055

0.241

0.819

1.057

0.659

1.695

VO₂/kg% AT

−0.097

0.287

0.735

0.907

0.517

1.592

VCO₂ (l) AT

−0.191

0.300

0.523

0.826

0.459

1.487

RR AT

−0.098

0.302

0.746

0.907

0.502

1.638

RQ AT

0.590

0.320

0.065

1.803

0.963

3.377

HR AT

−0.269

0.269

0.318

0.764

0.451

1.295

HR% AT

−0.204

0.231

0.377

0.816

0.519

1.282

Lactic acid AT

0.154

0.304

0.612

1.167

0.643

2.117

Systolic BP AT

−0.105

0.285

0.713

0.901

0.515

1.574

Diastolic BP AT

−0.030

0.251

0.905

0.970

0.593

1.588

VE/VCO₂ AT

0.513

0.376

0.173

1.670

0.799

3.487

VO₂/HR AT

−0.021

0.225

0.925

0.979

0.630

1.522

VO₂/HR% AT

0.065

0.217

0.764

1.067

0.698

1.633

PETCO₂ AT

−0.556

0.270

0.039

0.573

0.338

0.973

At maximal exercise

Work load max

0.023

0.207

0.913

1.023

0.681

1.535

Work load% max

−0.013

0.270

0.961

0.987

0.582

1.674

VE (l) max

0.218

0.252

0.385

1.244

0.760

2.037

VE% max

0.480

0.237

0.043

1.616

1.016

2.571

VO₂ (l) max

−0.311

0.207

0.132

0.733

0.488

1.099

VO₂% max

−0.261

0.202

0.195

0.770

0.518

1.144

VO₂/kg max

−0.396

0.247

0.109

0.673

0.415

1.093

VO₂/kg% max

−0.518

0.252

0.040

0.596

0.363

0.976

VCO₂ (l) max

0.352

0.228

0.123

1.421

0.909

2.223

RR max

−0.037

0.199

0.852

0.963

0.652

1.423

RQ max

0.438

0.222

0.049

1.549

1.002

2.396

HR max

−0.187

0.257

0.466

0.829

0.501

1.372

HR% max

−0.325

0.202

0.107

0.722

0.486

1.073

Lactic acid max

0.090

0.261

0.729

1.095

0.656

1.825

Systolic BP max

0.258

0.251

0.304

1.295

0.791

2.120

Diastolic BP max

0.053

0.192

0.782

1.055

0.723

1.538

VE/VCO₂ max

0.407

0.324

0.209

1.502

0.796

2.838

VO₂/HR max

−0.144

0.227

0.526

0.866

0.554

1.352

VO₂/HR% max

−0.249

0.235

0.289

0.779

0.492

1.235

PETCO₂ max

−0.335

0.242

0.166

0.715

0.445

1.149

VE/VCO₂ max of >35

1.638

0.657

0.013

5.144

1.418

18.660

	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	95% CI for hazard ratio
Clinical parameters
Gender	−0.331	0.495	0.504	0.718	0.272	1.896
Age	0.101	0.253	0.688	1.107	0.674	1.817
Smoking index	−0.004	0.165	0.982	0.996	0.721	1.377
Non-cardiac comorbidity	1.192	1.027	0.246	3.294	0.440	24.631
Cardiac comorbidities	−0.381	0.495	0.441	0.683	0.259	1.802
Staging of lung cancer	0.006	0.029	0.830	1.006	0.950	1.066
Type of operation	0.108	0.364	0.766	1.114	0.546	2.276
VE/VCO₂ at baseline	0.973	0.368	0.008	2.645	1.286	5.438
At AT
Work load AT	0.253	0.248	0.309	1.287	0.791	2.095
Work load% AT	−0.057	0.248	0.819	0.945	0.581	1.537
VE (l) AT	0.464	0.321	0.148	1.591	0.848	2.983
VE% AT	0.618	0.274	0.024	1.856	1.085	3.176
VO₂ (l) AT	−0.415	0.328	0.207	0.661	0.347	1.257
VO₂% AT	−0.225	0.285	0.430	0.798	0.457	1.396
VO₂/kg AT	0.055	0.241	0.819	1.057	0.659	1.695
VO₂/kg% AT	−0.097	0.287	0.735	0.907	0.517	1.592
VCO₂ (l) AT	−0.191	0.300	0.523	0.826	0.459	1.487
RR AT	−0.098	0.302	0.746	0.907	0.502	1.638
RQ AT	0.590	0.320	0.065	1.803	0.963	3.377
HR AT	−0.269	0.269	0.318	0.764	0.451	1.295
HR% AT	−0.204	0.231	0.377	0.816	0.519	1.282
Lactic acid AT	0.154	0.304	0.612	1.167	0.643	2.117
Systolic BP AT	−0.105	0.285	0.713	0.901	0.515	1.574
Diastolic BP AT	−0.030	0.251	0.905	0.970	0.593	1.588
VE/VCO₂ AT	0.513	0.376	0.173	1.670	0.799	3.487
VO₂/HR AT	−0.021	0.225	0.925	0.979	0.630	1.522
VO₂/HR% AT	0.065	0.217	0.764	1.067	0.698	1.633
PETCO₂ AT	−0.556	0.270	0.039	0.573	0.338	0.973
At maximal exercise
Work load max	0.023	0.207	0.913	1.023	0.681	1.535
Work load% max	−0.013	0.270	0.961	0.987	0.582	1.674
VE (l) max	0.218	0.252	0.385	1.244	0.760	2.037
VE% max	0.480	0.237	0.043	1.616	1.016	2.571
VO₂ (l) max	−0.311	0.207	0.132	0.733	0.488	1.099
VO₂% max	−0.261	0.202	0.195	0.770	0.518	1.144
VO₂/kg max	−0.396	0.247	0.109	0.673	0.415	1.093
VO₂/kg% max	−0.518	0.252	0.040	0.596	0.363	0.976
VCO₂ (l) max	0.352	0.228	0.123	1.421	0.909	2.223
RR max	−0.037	0.199	0.852	0.963	0.652	1.423
RQ max	0.438	0.222	0.049	1.549	1.002	2.396
HR max	−0.187	0.257	0.466	0.829	0.501	1.372
HR% max	−0.325	0.202	0.107	0.722	0.486	1.073
Lactic acid max	0.090	0.261	0.729	1.095	0.656	1.825
Systolic BP max	0.258	0.251	0.304	1.295	0.791	2.120
Diastolic BP max	0.053	0.192	0.782	1.055	0.723	1.538
VE/VCO₂ max	0.407	0.324	0.209	1.502	0.796	2.838
VO₂/HR max	−0.144	0.227	0.526	0.866	0.554	1.352
VO₂/HR% max	−0.249	0.235	0.289	0.779	0.492	1.235
PETCO₂ max	−0.335	0.242	0.166	0.715	0.445	1.149
VE/VCO₂ max of >35	1.638	0.657	0.013	5.144	1.418	18.660

Table 3:

Open in new tab

Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of different clinical and CPET parameters regarding the overall postoperative events

	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	95% CI for hazard ratio
	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	Lower	Upper
Clinical parameters
Gender	−0.331	0.495	0.504	0.718	0.272	1.896
Age	0.101	0.253	0.688	1.107	0.674	1.817
Smoking index	−0.004	0.165	0.982	0.996	0.721	1.377
Non-cardiac comorbidity	1.192	1.027	0.246	3.294	0.440	24.631
Cardiac comorbidities	−0.381	0.495	0.441	0.683	0.259	1.802
Staging of lung cancer	0.006	0.029	0.830	1.006	0.950	1.066
Type of operation	0.108	0.364	0.766	1.114	0.546	2.276
VE/VCO₂ at baseline	0.973	0.368	0.008	2.645	1.286	5.438
At AT
Work load AT	0.253	0.248	0.309	1.287	0.791	2.095
Work load% AT	−0.057	0.248	0.819	0.945	0.581	1.537
VE (l) AT	0.464	0.321	0.148	1.591	0.848	2.983
VE% AT	0.618	0.274	0.024	1.856	1.085	3.176
VO₂ (l) AT	−0.415	0.328	0.207	0.661	0.347	1.257
VO₂% AT	−0.225	0.285	0.430	0.798	0.457	1.396
VO₂/kg AT	0.055	0.241	0.819	1.057	0.659	1.695
VO₂/kg% AT	−0.097	0.287	0.735	0.907	0.517	1.592
VCO₂ (l) AT	−0.191	0.300	0.523	0.826	0.459	1.487
RR AT	−0.098	0.302	0.746	0.907	0.502	1.638
RQ AT	0.590	0.320	0.065	1.803	0.963	3.377
HR AT	−0.269	0.269	0.318	0.764	0.451	1.295
HR% AT	−0.204	0.231	0.377	0.816	0.519	1.282
Lactic acid AT	0.154	0.304	0.612	1.167	0.643	2.117
Systolic BP AT	−0.105	0.285	0.713	0.901	0.515	1.574
Diastolic BP AT	−0.030	0.251	0.905	0.970	0.593	1.588
VE/VCO₂ AT	0.513	0.376	0.173	1.670	0.799	3.487
VO₂/HR AT	−0.021	0.225	0.925	0.979	0.630	1.522
VO₂/HR% AT	0.065	0.217	0.764	1.067	0.698	1.633
PETCO₂ AT	−0.556	0.270	0.039	0.573	0.338	0.973
At maximal exercise
Work load max	0.023	0.207	0.913	1.023	0.681	1.535
Work load% max	−0.013	0.270	0.961	0.987	0.582	1.674
VE (l) max	0.218	0.252	0.385	1.244	0.760	2.037
VE% max	0.480	0.237	0.043	1.616	1.016	2.571
VO₂ (l) max	−0.311	0.207	0.132	0.733	0.488	1.099
VO₂% max	−0.261	0.202	0.195	0.770	0.518	1.144
VO₂/kg max	−0.396	0.247	0.109	0.673	0.415	1.093
VO₂/kg% max	−0.518	0.252	0.040	0.596	0.363	0.976
VCO₂ (l) max	0.352	0.228	0.123	1.421	0.909	2.223
RR max	−0.037	0.199	0.852	0.963	0.652	1.423
RQ max	0.438	0.222	0.049	1.549	1.002	2.396
HR max	−0.187	0.257	0.466	0.829	0.501	1.372
HR% max	−0.325	0.202	0.107	0.722	0.486	1.073
Lactic acid max	0.090	0.261	0.729	1.095	0.656	1.825
Systolic BP max	0.258	0.251	0.304	1.295	0.791	2.120
Diastolic BP max	0.053	0.192	0.782	1.055	0.723	1.538
VE/VCO₂ max	0.407	0.324	0.209	1.502	0.796	2.838
VO₂/HR max	−0.144	0.227	0.526	0.866	0.554	1.352
VO₂/HR% max	−0.249	0.235	0.289	0.779	0.492	1.235
PETCO₂ max	−0.335	0.242	0.166	0.715	0.445	1.149
VE/VCO₂ max of >35	1.638	0.657	0.013	5.144	1.418	18.660

	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	95% CI for hazard ratio
	B	SE	Sig.	Hazard ratio	Lower	Upper
Clinical parameters
Gender	−0.331	0.495	0.504	0.718	0.272	1.896
Age	0.101	0.253	0.688	1.107	0.674	1.817
Smoking index	−0.004	0.165	0.982	0.996	0.721	1.377
Non-cardiac comorbidity	1.192	1.027	0.246	3.294	0.440	24.631
Cardiac comorbidities	−0.381	0.495	0.441	0.683	0.259	1.802
Staging of lung cancer	0.006	0.029	0.830	1.006	0.950	1.066
Type of operation	0.108	0.364	0.766	1.114	0.546	2.276
VE/VCO₂ at baseline	0.973	0.368	0.008	2.645	1.286	5.438
At AT
Work load AT	0.253	0.248	0.309	1.287	0.791	2.095
Work load% AT	−0.057	0.248	0.819	0.945	0.581	1.537
VE (l) AT	0.464	0.321	0.148	1.591	0.848	2.983
VE% AT	0.618	0.274	0.024	1.856	1.085	3.176
VO₂ (l) AT	−0.415	0.328	0.207	0.661	0.347	1.257
VO₂% AT	−0.225	0.285	0.430	0.798	0.457	1.396
VO₂/kg AT	0.055	0.241	0.819	1.057	0.659	1.695
VO₂/kg% AT	−0.097	0.287	0.735	0.907	0.517	1.592
VCO₂ (l) AT	−0.191	0.300	0.523	0.826	0.459	1.487
RR AT	−0.098	0.302	0.746	0.907	0.502	1.638
RQ AT	0.590	0.320	0.065	1.803	0.963	3.377
HR AT	−0.269	0.269	0.318	0.764	0.451	1.295
HR% AT	−0.204	0.231	0.377	0.816	0.519	1.282
Lactic acid AT	0.154	0.304	0.612	1.167	0.643	2.117
Systolic BP AT	−0.105	0.285	0.713	0.901	0.515	1.574
Diastolic BP AT	−0.030	0.251	0.905	0.970	0.593	1.588
VE/VCO₂ AT	0.513	0.376	0.173	1.670	0.799	3.487
VO₂/HR AT	−0.021	0.225	0.925	0.979	0.630	1.522
VO₂/HR% AT	0.065	0.217	0.764	1.067	0.698	1.633
PETCO₂ AT	−0.556	0.270	0.039	0.573	0.338	0.973
At maximal exercise
Work load max	0.023	0.207	0.913	1.023	0.681	1.535
Work load% max	−0.013	0.270	0.961	0.987	0.582	1.674
VE (l) max	0.218	0.252	0.385	1.244	0.760	2.037
VE% max	0.480	0.237	0.043	1.616	1.016	2.571
VO₂ (l) max	−0.311	0.207	0.132	0.733	0.488	1.099
VO₂% max	−0.261	0.202	0.195	0.770	0.518	1.144
VO₂/kg max	−0.396	0.247	0.109	0.673	0.415	1.093
VO₂/kg% max	−0.518	0.252	0.040	0.596	0.363	0.976
VCO₂ (l) max	0.352	0.228	0.123	1.421	0.909	2.223
RR max	−0.037	0.199	0.852	0.963	0.652	1.423
RQ max	0.438	0.222	0.049	1.549	1.002	2.396
HR max	−0.187	0.257	0.466	0.829	0.501	1.372
HR% max	−0.325	0.202	0.107	0.722	0.486	1.073
Lactic acid max	0.090	0.261	0.729	1.095	0.656	1.825
Systolic BP max	0.258	0.251	0.304	1.295	0.791	2.120
Diastolic BP max	0.053	0.192	0.782	1.055	0.723	1.538
VE/VCO₂ max	0.407	0.324	0.209	1.502	0.796	2.838
VO₂/HR max	−0.144	0.227	0.526	0.866	0.554	1.352
VO₂/HR% max	−0.249	0.235	0.289	0.779	0.492	1.235
PETCO₂ max	−0.335	0.242	0.166	0.715	0.445	1.149
VE/VCO₂ max of >35	1.638	0.657	0.013	5.144	1.418	18.660

CPET: cardiopulmonary exercise testing; CI: confidence interval; AT: anaerobic threshold; VE: minute ventilation; VO₂: oxygen consumption; VCO₂: carbon dioxide output; RQ: respiratory quotient; HR: heart rate; PETCO₂: end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure; SE: standard error; RR: respiratory rate; BP: blood pressure.

This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only