Note. ^aAdduct levels given in pmol/µmol of guanine, in adducts/10⁷ nucleotides, or in adducts/10⁸ nucleotides were redimensioned by multiplication with 0.66, 0.32, and 0.032, respectively.

^bCalculations were done using the rate constants given in the Materials and Methods section and the slope of the solid regression line given in Figure 5. Backgrounds were not taken into consideration. HEG levels were calculated for lymphocyte DNA.

^cTörnqvist et al. (1989; uncertainty range of the ET exposure 0.1–1 ppm, assumption that 3% of inhaled ET would be converted to EO).

^dCsanády et al. (2000; predicted using a physiologically based toxicokinetic model).

^eKautiainen and Törnqvist (1991; calculation based on Törnqvist et al., 1989, but assumption that 5% of inhaled ET would be converted to EO).

^fGranath et al. (1996; measured HEV levels and measured average ET exposure concentrations in 4 nonsmoking workers; background values subtracted).

^gFilser et al. (1992; modeled, based on measured adduct levels).

^hMeasured in nonsmokers, reviewed in Csanády et al., 2000.

ⁱSchettgen et al. (2002; measured in 24 nonsmokers; median).

^jLowest measured background levels in white blood cells (2.1, Bolt et al., 1997; 0.07, Zhao et al., 1998; 0.6, Wu et al., 1999; 0.1, Zhao et al., 1999; 0.2, Zhao and Hemminki, 2002; 0.5 [from hospital workers exposed to EO], Kao and Giese, 2005).